IUCN Red List Criteria
| Critically Endangered |
A2bce |
| Endangered |
A2bce;B1ab(i,ii,iv,v);D |
| Vulnerable |
A2bce;B1ab(i,ii,iv,v);D1+2 |
IUCN Red List history
| Year |
Category |
| 2012 |
Critically Endangered |
| 2010 |
Critically Endangered |
| 2009 |
Critically Endangered |
| 2008 |
Critically Endangered |
| 2006 |
Critically Endangered |
| 2005 |
Critically Endangered |
| 2004 |
Endangered |
| 2000 |
Endangered |
| 1994 |
Not Recognised |
| 1988 |
Not Recognised |
Species attributes
| Migratory status |
not a migrant |
Forest dependency |
High |
| Land mass type |
|
Average mass |
46.7 g
|
Distribution
| |
Estimate |
Data quality |
| Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) |
360 |
medium |
| Number of locations |
3 |
- |
| Fragmentation |
|
- |
Population & trend
| |
Estimate |
Data quality |
Derivation |
Year of estimate |
| No. of mature individuals |
50-249 |
medium |
Estimated |
2009 |
| Population trend |
Increasing |
medium |
|
- |
| Number of subpopulations |
3 |
- |
- |
- |
| Largest subpopulation |
|
- |
- |
- |
| Generation length (yrs) |
4.6 |
- |
- |
- |
|
Population justification: Although the population numbered several hundreds prior to 2000, a prolific increase in the population of rats and stoats within its restricted South Island range induced a rapid population decline and the total population has remained well below its previous levels. Successful translocations on two islands have boosted the population of this species to around 450 individuals, however it is uncertain what proportion of the 200+ now present on Chalky Island, Maud Island and Tuhua have bred successfully and can therefore be classified as mature individuals. Accordingly, the number of mature individuals is precautionarily retained as 50-249. |
|
Trend justification: The population fell from 500-700 birds prior to 2000, to 100-200 by 2004. Increased conservation efforts (especially predator control) in its small South Island range and a successful translocation of birds to Chalky and Maud Islands suggest its rapid decline has ceased and some recovery has taken place, with perhaps 450 birds in total in 2009. However, during a ten-year period the species has still experienced a population reduction in the number of mature individuals, which is precautionarily estimated to have been extremely rapid, as the latest population estimate includes an unknown but potentially significant proportion of non-mature individuals (translocated birds yet to have bred). |
Country/Territory distribution
| Country/Territory |
Occurrence status |
Extinct |
Breeding |
Non-breeding |
Passage |
| New Zealand |
Native |
No |
Yes |
|
|
Habitats & altitude
| Habitat (level 1) |
Habitat (level 2) |
Importance |
Occurrence |
| Forest |
Temperate |
major |
resident |
|
Altitude
|
0 - 1300 m
|
Occasional altitudinal limits
|
|
Threats & impact
| Threat (level 1) |
Threat (level 2) |
Impact and Stresses |
| Biological resource use |
Fishing & harvesting aquatic resources / Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Past, Unlikely to Return |
Majority (50-90%) |
Slow, Significant Decline |
Past Impact |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
| Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases |
Problematic native species/diseases / Stoat (Mustela erminea) |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Whole (>90%) |
Slow, Significant Decline |
Medium Impact: |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Scewed sex ratios, Reduced reproductive success, Species mortality |
|
| Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases |
Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases / Common Brushtail (Trichosurus vulpecula) |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Minority (<50%) |
Slow, Significant Decline |
Low Impact: 5 |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
| Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases |
Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases / Domestic Cow (Bos taurus) |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Minority (<50%) |
Slow, Significant Decline |
Low Impact: 5 |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
| Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases |
Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases / Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Minority (<50%) |
Slow, Significant Decline |
Low Impact: 5 |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
| Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases |
Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases / Unspecified rats (Rattus spp.) |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Whole (>90%) |
Slow, Significant Decline |
Medium Impact: |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Scewed sex ratios, Reduced reproductive success |
|
Utilisation
| Purpose |
Primary form used |
Life stage used |
Source |
Scale |
Level |
Timing |
| Pets |
Whole |
Adults and juveniles |
Wild |
Subsistence, National |
Non-trivial |
Recent |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2013) Species factsheet: Cyanoramphus malherbi. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 24/05/2013.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2013) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 24/05/2013.
This information is based upon, and updates, the information published in BirdLife International (2000)
Threatened birds of the world. Barcelona and Cambridge, UK: Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, BirdLife International (2004)
Threatened birds of the world 2004 CD-ROM and BirdLife International (2008) Threatened birds of the world 2008 CD-ROM. These sources provide the information for species accounts for the birds on the IUCN Red List.
To provide new information to update this factsheet or to correct any errors, please email BirdLife
To contribute to discussions on the evaluation of the IUCN Red List status of Globally Threatened Birds, please visit BirdLife's Globally Threatened Bird Forums.
email a friend
printable version
close