IUCN Red List Criteria
| Critically Endangered |
|
| Endangered |
B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii) |
| Vulnerable |
B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii);D2 |
IUCN Red List history
| Year |
Category |
| 2012 |
Endangered |
| 2010 |
Endangered |
| 2009 |
Critically Endangered |
| 2008 |
Critically Endangered |
| 2005 |
Critically Endangered |
| 2004 |
Endangered |
| 2000 |
Endangered |
| 1994 |
Not Recognised |
| 1988 |
Not Recognised |
Species attributes
| Migratory status |
not a migrant |
Forest dependency |
Medium |
| Land mass type |
|
Average mass |
30 g
|
Distribution
| |
Estimate |
Data quality |
| Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) |
144 |
|
| Area of Occupancy breeding/resident (km2) |
102 |
good |
| Number of locations |
1 |
- |
| Fragmentation |
|
- |
Population & trend
| |
Estimate |
Data quality |
Derivation |
Year of estimate |
| No. of mature individuals |
860-870 |
medium |
Estimated |
2008 |
| Population trend |
Stable |
medium |
|
- |
| Number of subpopulations |
1 |
- |
- |
- |
| Largest subpopulation |
1000-2000 |
- |
- |
- |
| Generation length (yrs) |
4.8 |
- |
- |
- |
|
Population justification: Based on the probability of re-sighting ringed birds and observations between 2006-2008 the population has been estimated at 1,608 ± 326 mature individuals, or c.800 pairs, roughly corresponding with a 2008 estimate of 1,064 ± 304 individuals obtained through distance-sampling methods and range size analysis, thus a population of c.1,300 individuals is estimated, roughly equivalent to 860-870 mature individuals. |
|
Trend justification: Annual census figures from 2002-2008 indicate that although there is some fluctuation the population is not currently declining (BirdLife International 2009) and there is evidence of recent population recovery (Ceia et al. 2011a). An annual survival rate was recently estimated at 0.62 which may have substantially contributed to the recent recovery of the population (Monticelli et al. 2010). |
Country/Territory distribution
| Country/Territory |
Occurrence status |
Extinct |
Breeding |
Non-breeding |
Passage |
| Portugal |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
Important Bird Areas where this species has triggered the IBA criteria
| Country/Territory |
IBA Name |
IBA link |
| Portugal |
Pico da Vara |
 |
Habitats & altitude
| Habitat (level 1) |
Habitat (level 2) |
Importance |
Occurrence |
| Artificial/Terrestrial |
Plantations |
suitable |
non-breeding |
| Forest |
Subtropical/Tropical Dry |
major |
resident |
| Shrubland |
Mediterranean-type Shrubby Vegetation |
suitable |
resident |
|
Altitude
|
0 - 0 m
|
Occasional altitudinal limits
|
|
Threats & impact
| Threat (level 1) |
Threat (level 2) |
Impact and Stresses |
| Agriculture & Aquaculture |
Annual & perennial non-timber crops / Scale Unknown/Unrecorded |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Past, Unlikely to Return |
Majority (50-90%) |
Slow, Significant Decline |
Past Impact |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
| Agriculture & Aquaculture |
Annual & perennial non-timber crops / Scale Unknown/Unrecorded |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Past, Unlikely to Return |
Majority (50-90%) |
Slow, Significant Decline |
Past Impact |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
| Biological resource use |
Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals / Intentional use (species is the target) |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Past, Unlikely to Return |
Majority (50-90%) |
Unknown |
Past Impact |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Species mortality |
|
| Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases |
Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases / Domestic Cat (Felis catus) |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Majority (50-90%) |
Unknown |
Unknown |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Species mortality |
|
| Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases |
Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases / Japanese Cryptomeria (Cryptomeria japonica) |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Whole (>90%) |
No decline |
Medium Impact: |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
| Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases |
Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases / Kahili Ginger (Hedychium gardnerianum) |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Whole (>90%) |
No decline |
Medium Impact: |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
| Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases |
Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases / Lily of the Valley Tree (Clethra arborea) |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Whole (>90%) |
No decline |
Medium Impact: |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
| Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases |
Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases / Mock Orange (Pittosporum undulatum) |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Whole (>90%) |
No decline |
Medium Impact: |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
| Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases |
Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases / Unspecified rats (Rattus spp.) |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Majority (50-90%) |
Unknown |
Unknown |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Reduced reproductive success |
|
Utilisation
| Purpose |
Primary form used |
Life stage used |
Source |
Scale |
Level |
Timing |
| Pets |
Whole |
Adults and juveniles |
Wild |
International |
Non-trivial |
Recent |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2013) Species factsheet: Pyrrhula murina. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 24/05/2013.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2013) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 24/05/2013.
This information is based upon, and updates, the information published in BirdLife International (2000)
Threatened birds of the world. Barcelona and Cambridge, UK: Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, BirdLife International (2004)
Threatened birds of the world 2004 CD-ROM and BirdLife International (2008) Threatened birds of the world 2008 CD-ROM. These sources provide the information for species accounts for the birds on the IUCN Red List.
To provide new information to update this factsheet or to correct any errors, please email BirdLife
To contribute to discussions on the evaluation of the IUCN Red List status of Globally Threatened Birds, please visit BirdLife's Globally Threatened Bird Forums.
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