Species

Justification
This species is suspected to be declining moderately rapidly within its small range which is decreasing in size owing to habitat loss. However, the range is not yet severely fragmented or restricted to few locations. For these reasons, the species is classified as Near Threatened.

Taxonomic source(s)
SACC. 2006. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: http://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.html.
Sibley, C. G.; Monroe, B. L. 1990. Distribution and taxonomy of birds of the world. Yale University Press, New Haven, USA.
Stotz, D. F.; Fitzpatrick, J. W.; Parker, T. A.; Moskovits, D. K. 1996. Neotropical birds: ecology and conservation. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.

Distribution and population
Andigena laminirostris occurs along the west Andean slope from Nariño, south of the Patía valley, south-west Colombia, to the río Chanchan in west Ecuador (Fjeldså and Krabbe 1990), where it is relatively common.

Population justification
The global population size has not been quantified, but this species is described as 'fairly common' (Stotz et al. (1996).

Trend justification
A moderately rapid and on-going population decline is suspected owing to habitat loss.

Ecology
It occurs in humid montane forest and edge with abundant bromeliads and mosses, at 1,200-3,200 m, occasionally to 300 m (Fjeldså and Krabbe 1990, Parker et al. 1996, Stattersfield et al. 1998), and will also enter secondary and selectively logged forest.

Threats
It is primarily threatened by ongoing deforestation, which is largely the result of intensive logging, human settlement, cattle-grazing, mining and coca and palm cultivation, with destruction most severe in the lower half of its altitudinal range (Stattersfield et al. 1998). A secondary threat, which may become more significant as habitat loss fragments existing populations, is the large illegal international cage-bird trade (Beltrán 1994).

Conservation actions underway
It is fairly common at La Planada Nature Reserve, Colombia (del Hoyo et al. 2002).

Conservation actions proposed
Conduct surveys to assess the population size. Monitor rates of habitat loss and degradation. Monitor levels of trapping. Control illegal capture for the cage-bird trade. Effectively protect and manage protected areas where the species occurs.

References
Fjeldså, J.; Krabbe, N. 1990. Birds of the high Andes. Apollo Books, Copenhagen.

Beltrán, J. W. 1994. Natural history of the Plate-billed Mountain-toucan Andigena laminirostris in Colombia. Miscellaneous Publications of the Center for the Study of Tropical Birds: 1-91.

Parker, T. A.; Stotz, D. F.; Fitzpatrick, J. W. 1996. Ecological and distributional databases. In: Stotz, D.F.; Fitzpatrick, J.W.; Parker, T.A.; Moskovits, D.K. (ed.), Neotropical bird ecology and conservation, pp. 113-436. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.

Stattersfield, A. J.; Crosby, M. J.; Long, A. J.; Wege, D. C. 1998. Endemic bird areas of the world: priorities for bird conservation. BirdLife International, Cambridge, U.K.

del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J. 2002. Handbook of the Birds of the World, vol. 7: Jacamars to Woodpeckers. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona, Spain.

Further web sources of information
Hear sounds for this species from xeno-canto, the community database of shared bird sounds from around the world.

View photos and videos, and hear sounds of this species from the Internet Bird Collection

Text account compilers
Benstead, P., Capper, D., Isherwood, I., Sharpe, C J, Symes, A.

IUCN Red List evaluators
Butchart, S., Symes, A.

Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2013) Species factsheet: Andigena laminirostris. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 18/06/2013. Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2013) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 18/06/2013.

This information is based upon, and updates, the information published in BirdLife International (2000) Threatened birds of the world. Barcelona and Cambridge, UK: Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, BirdLife International (2004) Threatened birds of the world 2004 CD-ROM and BirdLife International (2008) Threatened birds of the world 2008 CD-ROM. These sources provide the information for species accounts for the birds on the IUCN Red List.

To provide new information to update this factsheet or to correct any errors, please email BirdLife

To contribute to discussions on the evaluation of the IUCN Red List status of Globally Threatened Birds, please visit BirdLife's Globally Threatened Bird Forums.

Additional resources for this species