IUCN Red List Criteria
| Critically Endangered |
|
| Endangered |
B1ab(i,ii,iii,v) |
| Vulnerable |
B1ab(i,ii,iii,v);D1 |
IUCN Red List history
| Year |
Category |
| 2012 |
Endangered |
| 2008 |
Endangered |
| 2004 |
Endangered |
| 2000 |
Endangered |
| 1996 |
Endangered |
| 1994 |
Endangered |
| 1988 |
Threatened |
Species attributes
| Migratory status |
not a migrant |
Forest dependency |
High |
| Land mass type |
continent
|
Average mass |
- |
Distribution
| |
Estimate |
Data quality |
| Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) |
560 |
medium |
| Number of locations |
6 |
- |
| Fragmentation |
|
- |
Population & trend
| |
Estimate |
Data quality |
Derivation |
Year of estimate |
| No. of mature individuals |
250-999 |
poor |
Estimated |
2000 |
| Population trend |
Decreasing |
poor |
|
- |
| Number of subpopulations |
2-100 |
- |
- |
- |
| Largest subpopulation |
50-249 |
- |
- |
- |
| Generation length (yrs) |
5.7 |
- |
- |
- |
|
Population justification: The population is estimated to number 250-999 mature individuals based on an assessment of known records, descriptions of abundance and range size. This is consistent with recorded population density estimates for congeners or close relatives with a similar body size, and the fact that only a proportion of the estimated Extent of Occurrence is likely to be occupied. This estimate is equivalent to 375-1,499 individuals in total, rounded here to 350-1,500 individuals. |
|
Trend justification: A slow and ongoing population decline is suspected based on ongoing rates of habitat loss and hunting pressure. |
Country/Territory distribution
| Country/Territory |
Occurrence status |
Extinct |
Breeding |
Non-breeding |
Passage |
| Colombia |
Native |
No |
Yes |
|
|
Important Bird Areas where this species has triggered the IBA criteria
| Country/Territory |
IBA Name |
IBA link |
| Colombia |
Bosques del Oriente de Risaralda |
 |
| Colombia |
Cañón del Río Barbas y Bremen |
|
| Colombia |
Chicoral |
|
| Colombia |
Finca la Betulia Reserva la Patasola |
|
| Colombia |
La Sirena |
|
| Colombia |
Reserva Forestal Yotoco |
|
| Colombia |
Reserva Natural Cajibío |
|
| Colombia |
Serranía de las Minas |
|
| Colombia |
Serranía de los Paraguas |
|
Habitats & altitude
| Habitat (level 1) |
Habitat (level 2) |
Importance |
Occurrence |
| Artificial/Aquatic & Marine |
|
suitable |
resident |
| Artificial/Terrestrial |
Plantations |
suitable |
resident |
| Forest |
Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane |
major |
resident |
|
Altitude
|
1300 - 2150 m
|
Occasional altitudinal limits
|
(min) 900 m
|
Threats & impact
| Threat (level 1) |
Threat (level 2) |
Impact and Stresses |
| Residential & commercial development |
Housing & urban areas |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Minority (<50%) |
Slow, Significant Decline |
Low Impact: 5 |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
| Agriculture & Aquaculture |
Annual & perennial non-timber crops / Agro-industry farming |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Past, Unlikely to Return |
Majority (50-90%) |
Slow, Significant Decline |
Past Impact |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
| Agriculture & Aquaculture |
Livestock farming & ranching / Agro-industry grazing, ranching or farming |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Minority (<50%) |
Slow, Significant Decline |
Low Impact: 5 |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
| Biological resource use |
Fishing & harvesting aquatic resources / Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Minority (<50%) |
Slow, Significant Decline |
Low Impact: 5 |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
| Biological resource use |
Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals / Intentional use (species is the target) |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Majority (50-90%) |
Slow, Significant Decline |
Medium Impact: |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Species mortality |
|
| Natural system modifications |
Dams & water management/use / Dams (size unknown) |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Minority (<50%) |
Slow, Significant Decline |
Low Impact: 5 |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
Utilisation
| Purpose |
Primary form used |
Life stage used |
Source |
Scale |
Level |
Timing |
| Food (human) |
Whole |
Adults and juveniles |
Wild |
Subsistence, National |
Non-trivial |
Recent |
| Pets |
Whole |
Adults and juveniles |
Wild |
International |
Non-trivial |
Recent |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2013) Species factsheet: Penelope perspicax. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 19/06/2013.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2013) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 19/06/2013.
This information is based upon, and updates, the information published in BirdLife International (2000)
Threatened birds of the world. Barcelona and Cambridge, UK: Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, BirdLife International (2004)
Threatened birds of the world 2004 CD-ROM and BirdLife International (2008) Threatened birds of the world 2008 CD-ROM. These sources provide the information for species accounts for the birds on the IUCN Red List.
To provide new information to update this factsheet or to correct any errors, please email BirdLife
To contribute to discussions on the evaluation of the IUCN Red List status of Globally Threatened Birds, please visit BirdLife's Globally Threatened Bird Forums.
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