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Black woodpecker Dryocopus martius
IUCN Red List history
| Year | Category |
|---|---|
| 2012 | Least Concern |
| 2009 | Least Concern |
| 2008 | Least Concern |
| 2004 | Least Concern |
| 2000 | Lower Risk/Least Concern |
| 1994 | Lower Risk/Least Concern |
| 1988 | Lower Risk/Least Concern |
Species attributes
| Migratory status | full migrant | Forest dependency | High |
| Land mass type | Average mass | 321 g |
Distribution
| Estimate | Data quality | |
|---|---|---|
| Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) | 19,600,000 | medium |
| Number of locations | - | |
| Fragmentation | - |
Population & trend
| Estimate | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of mature individuals | poor | Estimated | 2009 | |
| Population trend | Increasing | - | ||
| Number of subpopulations | - | - | - | |
| Largest subpopulation | - | - | - | |
| Generation length (yrs) | 5.8 | - | - | - |
| Population justification: In Europe, the breeding population is estimated to number 740,000-1,400,000 breeding pairs, equating to 2,220,000-4,200,000 individuals (BirdLife International 2004). Europe forms 25-49% of the global range, so a very preliminary estimate of the global population size is 4,530,000-16,800,000 individuals, although further validation of this estimate is needed. National population estimates include: c.100-10,000 breeding pairs in China; < c.100 breeding pairs in Korea; c.100-10,000 breeding pairs in Japan and c.10,000-100,000 breeding pairs in Russia (Brazil 2009). | ||||
| Trend justification: The species has expanded its range in western Europe, central Europe and Japan (del Hoyo et al. 2002). In Europe, trends since 1980 show that populations have undergone a moderate increase (p<0.01), based on provisional data for 21 countries from the Pan-European Common Bird Monitoring Scheme (EBCC/RSPB/BirdLife/Statistics Netherlands; P. Vorisek in litt. 2008). | ||||
Country/Territory distribution
| Country/Territory | Occurrence status | Extinct | Breeding | Non-breeding | Passage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Andorra | Native | No | |||
| Armenia | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Austria | Native | No | |||
| Azerbaijan | Native | No | |||
| Belarus | Native | No | |||
| Belgium | Native | No | |||
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Bulgaria | Native | No | |||
| China (mainland) | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Croatia | Native | No | |||
| Czech Republic | Native | No | |||
| Denmark | Native | No | |||
| Estonia | Native | No | |||
| Finland | Native | No | |||
| France | Native | No | |||
| Georgia | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Germany | Native | No | |||
| Greece | Native | No | |||
| Hungary | Native | No | |||
| Iran, Islamic Republic of | Native | No | |||
| Italy | Native | No | |||
| Japan | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Kazakhstan | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Latvia | Native | No | |||
| Liechtenstein | Native | No | |||
| Lithuania | Native | No | |||
| Luxembourg | Native | No | |||
| Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of | Native | No | |||
| Moldova | Native | No | |||
| Mongolia | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Montenegro | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Netherlands | Native | No | |||
| North Korea | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Norway | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Poland | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Portugal | Vagrant | No | |||
| Romania | Native | No | |||
| Russia (Asian) | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Russia (Central Asian) | Native | No | |||
| Russia (European) | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Serbia | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Slovakia | Native | No | |||
| Slovenia | Native | No | |||
| South Korea | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Spain | Native | No | |||
| Sweden | Native | No | |||
| Switzerland | Native | No | |||
| Turkey | Native | No | |||
| Ukraine | Native | No |
Important Bird Areas where this species has triggered the IBA criteria
| Country/Territory | IBA Name | IBA link |
|---|---|---|
| Austria | Ötscher-Dürrenstein |  |
| Austria | Vienna forest | |
| Belgium | Entre-Sambre-et-Meuse | |
| Belgium | Hautes Fagnes/Eifel | |
| Belgium | Lesse et Lomme | |
| Belgium | Saint-Hubert | |
| Bulgaria | Central Balkan | |
| Bulgaria | Kamchiyska Mountain | |
| Bulgaria | Persenk | |
| Bulgaria | Pirin | |
| Bulgaria | Rila | |
| Bulgaria | Trigrad-Mursalitsa | |
| Bulgaria | Western Balkan | |
| Bulgaria | Western Rhodopes | |
| Czech Republic | Beskydy mountains | |
| Czech Republic | Doupov hills | |
| Czech Republic | Krkonose mountains (Giant mountains) | |
| Czech Republic | Labské pískovce sandstones | |
| Czech Republic | Sumava mountains (Bohemian forest) | |
| Czech Republic | Trebonsko (Trebon region) | |
| Denmark | Almindingen | |
| Denmark | Gribskov Area | |
| Denmark | Rold Skov | |
| Estonia | Kõrvemaa | |
| Estonia | Lahemaa | |
| France | Arrière Côte de Dijon et de Beaune | |
| France | Barois et Forêt de Clairvaux | |
| France | Bassigny | |
| France | Bazoncourt-Vigy | |
| France | Etangs d'Argonne | |
| France | Etangs de Sologne: St Viatre, Marcilly-en-Gault et forêt de Bruadan | |
| France | Forêt d'Orléans: massifs d'Ingrannes et de Lorris | |
| France | Forêt de Châtillon et environs | |
| France | Forêt de Haguenau | |
| France | Forêt de la Reine | |
| France | Forêt domaniale de la Harth | |
| France | Forêts d'altitude du Jura : forêt du Risol et Mont d'Or | |
| France | Forêts de Thiérache : Trelon, Fourmies, Hirson et St-Michel | |
| France | Forêts du Perche | |
| France | Forêts picardes : Compiègne, Laigue, Ourscamp | |
| France | Forêts picardes : massif de Retz | |
| France | Forêts picardes : massif de Saint-Gobain | |
| France | Forêts picardes : massif des Trois Forêts et bois du Roi | |
| France | Fresnes-en-Woëvre-Mars-la-Tour | |
| France | Gorges de la Dourbie et causses avoisinants | |
| France | Gorges de la Truyère | |
| France | Gorges du Tarn et de la Jonte | |
| France | Haut Val d'Allier | |
| France | Haute Soule : Forêt des Arbailles | |
| France | Hautes Vallées d'Aspe et d'Ossau | |
| France | Hauts Plateaux du Vercors et Forêt des Coulmes | |
| France | Massif des Vosges : crêtes de Schneeberg au Donon | |
| France | Massif des Vosges: Hautes Vosges | |
| France | Massif du Canigou-Carança | |
| France | Massifs de Fontainebleau et zones humides adjacentes | |
| France | Parc National des Cévennes | |
| France | Parc National des Ecrins | |
| France | Parc National du Mercantour | |
| France | Plateau Ardennais | |
| France | Plateaux de Millevaches et de Gentioux | |
| France | Puig Carlit et environs | |
| France | Val de Chiers et environs de Spincourt | |
| France | Vallée de la Loire : gorges de la Loire | |
| France | Vallée du Haut-Guil | |
| France | Vallée du Rhin : Strasbourg à Lauterbourg | |
| France | Vallées de la Scarpe et de l'Escaut | |
| Italy | Aspromonte | |
| Lithuania | Buda-Pravieniskes forest complex | |
| Lithuania | Labanoras Regional Park | |
| Lithuania | Simonys & Ramuldava forest complex | |
| Luxembourg | Dudelange Haard | |
| Luxembourg | Esch/Alzette South-east | |
| Luxembourg | Mines of the region of Differdange | |
| Netherlands | Brabantse Wal | |
| Netherlands | De Hamert/Bergerbossen | |
| Netherlands | Drents-Friese Wold | |
| Netherlands | Sallandse Heuvelrug | |
| Netherlands | Veluwe | |
| Poland | Augustów forest | |
| Poland | Biala Forest | |
| Poland | Knyszyn Forest | |
| Poland | Notec Forest | |
| Poland | Pisz forest | |
| Poland | Roztocze | |
| Poland | Solska Forest | |
| Poland | Tuchola Forest | |
| Romania | Almăjului Mountains - Locvei | |
| Romania | Baraolt Mountains - Bodoc | |
| Romania | Defileul Inferior al Mureşului | |
| Romania | Defileul Superior al Mureşului | |
| Romania | Domogled - Cernei valley | |
| Romania | Grădiştea Muncelului | |
| Romania | Padiş - Vlădeasa mountain | |
| Romania | Trascău Mountains | |
| Romania | Vânători - Neamţ | |
| Romania | Vrancea Mountains | |
| Slovakia | Laborecka upland | |
| Spain | Alt Pallars | |
| Spain | Areta, Archuba and Zariquieta mountain ranges | |
| Spain | Babia-Somiedo | |
| Spain | Belagua-Ansó-Hecho | |
| Spain | Boumort mountains | |
| Spain | Cadí mountains | |
| Spain | Central ranges of the Cantabric mountains | |
| Spain | Degaña-Hermo | |
| Spain | Gistaín-Cotiella | |
| Spain | Leyre, Illón and San Miguel mountain ranges | |
| Spain | Muniellos | |
| Spain | Ordesa-Bielsa | |
| Spain | Peña Labra and Cordel mountain ranges | |
| Spain | Picos de Europa mountain range | |
| Spain | Posets-Maladeta | |
| Spain | Riaño | |
| Spain | San Juan de la Peña-Oroel crag | |
| Spain | San Mauricio-Bohí-Beret | |
| Spain | Turbón-Espés-Sis | |
| Sweden | Båtfors-Bredfors | |
| Sweden | Färnebofjärden | |
| Sweden | Florarna | |
| Sweden | Western part of lake Mälaren | |
Habitats & altitude
| Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Forest | Boreal | major | non-breeding |
| Forest | Boreal | major | breeding |
| Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | suitable | breeding |
| Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | suitable | non-breeding |
| Forest | Temperate | major | non-breeding |
| Forest | Temperate | major | breeding |
| Altitude | 100 - 2400 m | Occasional altitudinal limits |
Utilisation
| Purpose | Primary form used | Life stage used | Source | Scale | Level | Timing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pets | Whole | Adults and juveniles | Wild | International | Non-trivial | Recent |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2013) Species factsheet: Dryocopus martius. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 24/05/2013.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2013) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 24/05/2013.
This information is based upon, and updates, the information published in BirdLife International (2000) Threatened birds of the world. Barcelona and Cambridge, UK: Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, BirdLife International (2004) Threatened birds of the world 2004 CD-ROM and BirdLife International (2008) Threatened birds of the world 2008 CD-ROM. These sources provide the information for species accounts for the birds on the IUCN Red List.
To provide new information to update this factsheet or to correct any errors, please email BirdLife
To contribute to discussions on the evaluation of the IUCN Red List status of Globally Threatened Birds, please visit BirdLife's Globally Threatened Bird Forums.
| Key facts | |
|---|---|
| Current IUCN Red List category | Least Concern |
| Family | Picidae (Woodpeckers) |
| Species name author | (Linnaeus, 1758) |
| Population size | mature individuals |
| Population trend | Increasing |
| Distribution size (breeding/resident) | 19,600,000 km2 |
| Country endemic? | No |
| Links to further information | |
| - Summary information on this species | |
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