Species

Justification
This species occurs within a very small range and it is likely to be vulnerable to habitat loss and degradation owing to agricultural activities. However, the range is not yet severely fragmented, nor is it restricted to few locations. For these reasons, the species is classified as Near Threatened.

Taxonomic source(s)
SACC. 2006. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: http://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.html.
Sibley, C. G.; Monroe, B. L. 1990. Distribution and taxonomy of birds of the world. Yale University Press, New Haven, USA.
Stotz, D. F.; Fitzpatrick, J. W.; Parker, T. A.; Moskovits, D. K. 1996. Neotropical birds: ecology and conservation. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.

Distribution and population
Henicorhina leucoptera has a very restricted range in north Peru (La Libertad, San Martín, on the Cordillera del Cóndor in Cajamarca, with a single record from Amazonas) (Ridgely and Tudor 1989, Schulenberg and Awbrey 1997, Clements and Shany 2001) and extreme south Ecuador (the north end of the Cordillera del Cóndor [Krabbe and Sornoza 1994]).

Population justification
The global population size has not been quantified, but this species is described as 'fairly common' (Stotz et al. (1996).

Trend justification
This species is suspected to lose 7.9-8.3% of suitable habitat within its distribution over three generations (11 years) based on a model of Amazonian deforestation (Soares-Filho et al. 2006, Bird et al. 2011). It is therefore suspected to decline by <25% over three generations.

Ecology
This species inhabits dense, mossy cloud forest at 1,350-2,600 m, especially favouring the understorey of stunted elfin forest on exposed ridges (Ridgely and Tudor 1989, Schulenberg and Awbrey 1997, Schulenberg et al. 2007).

Threats
Although its habitats are reasonably intact (Schulenberg and Awbrey 1997), this species has a small, apparently disjunct range, with elfin forest in the south of its range readily accessible from the páramo and clearly vulnerable to grazing and burning (Stattersfield et al. 1998).

Conservation actions underway
None is known.

Conservation actions proposed
Conduct ecological studies aimed at identifying the habitat requirements of this species, as well as determining whether it is tolerant of habitat degradation or fragmentation. Ensure that key sites supporting suitable habitats receive adequate protection.

References
Ridgely, R. S.; Tudor, G. 1989. The birds of South America. University of Texas Press, Austin, Texas.

Krabbe, N.; Sornoza M., F. 1994. Avifaunistic results of a subtropical camp in the Cordillera del Condor, southeastern Ecuador. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 114: 55-61.

Schulenberg, T. S.; Awbrey, K. 1997. The Cordillera del Cóndor region of Ecuador and Peru: a biological assessment. Conservation International, Washington, DC.

Stattersfield, A. J.; Crosby, M. J.; Long, A. J.; Wege, D. C. 1998. Endemic bird areas of the world: priorities for bird conservation. BirdLife International, Cambridge, U.K.

Clements, J. F.; Shany, N. 2001. A field guide to the birds of Peru. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona, Spain.

Further web sources of information
Hear sounds for this species from xeno-canto, the community database of shared bird sounds from around the world.

View photos and videos, and hear sounds of this species from the Internet Bird Collection

Text account compilers
Butchart, S., Gilroy, J., Sharpe, C J

IUCN Red List evaluators
Butchart, S., Symes, A.

Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2013) Species factsheet: Henicorhina leucoptera. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 21/05/2013. Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2013) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 21/05/2013.

This information is based upon, and updates, the information published in BirdLife International (2000) Threatened birds of the world. Barcelona and Cambridge, UK: Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, BirdLife International (2004) Threatened birds of the world 2004 CD-ROM and BirdLife International (2008) Threatened birds of the world 2008 CD-ROM. These sources provide the information for species accounts for the birds on the IUCN Red List.

To provide new information to update this factsheet or to correct any errors, please email BirdLife

To contribute to discussions on the evaluation of the IUCN Red List status of Globally Threatened Birds, please visit BirdLife's Globally Threatened Bird Forums.