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closeIUCN Red List history
| Year | Category |
|---|---|
| 2012 | Least Concern |
| 2009 | Least Concern |
| 2008 | Least Concern |
| 2004 | Least Concern |
| 2000 | Lower Risk/Least Concern |
| 1994 | Lower Risk/Least Concern |
| 1988 | Lower Risk/Least Concern |
Species attributes
| Migratory status | full migrant | Forest dependency | Medium |
| Land mass type | Average mass | - |
Distribution
| Estimate | Data quality | |
|---|---|---|
| Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) | 60,000,000 | medium |
| Number of locations | - | |
| Fragmentation | - |
Population & trend
| Estimate | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of mature individuals | poor | Estimated | 2009 | |
| Population trend | Stable | - | ||
| Number of subpopulations | - | - | - | |
| Largest subpopulation | - | - | - | |
| Generation length (yrs) | 18.3 | - | - | - |
| Population justification: Brooke (2004) estimated the global population to number at least 15,000,000 individuals. A minimum of 5,000,000 pairs are thought to breed at Tristan da Cunha, and 600,000 to 3,000,000 pairs at Gough (Carboneras 1992d). | ||||
| Trend justification: The population is suspected to be stable in the absence of evidence for any declines or substantial threats. | ||||
Country/Territory distribution
| Country/Territory | Occurrence status | Extinct | Breeding | Non-breeding | Passage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Algeria | Vagrant | No | |||
| Angola | Vagrant | No | |||
| Anguilla (to UK) | Unknown | No | |||
| Antigua and Barbuda | Unknown | No | |||
| Argentina | Unknown | No | |||
| Australia | Vagrant | No | |||
| Bahamas | Unknown | No | |||
| Barbados | Vagrant | No | |||
| Bermuda (to UK) | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba (to Netherlands) | Vagrant | No | |||
| Brazil | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Canada | Unknown | No | |||
| Cape Verde | Unknown | No | |||
| Cayman Islands (to UK) | Vagrant | No | |||
| Côte d'Ivoire | Unknown | No | |||
| Chile | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Curaçao (to Netherlands) | Vagrant | No | |||
| Denmark | Vagrant | No | |||
| Dominica | Vagrant | No | |||
| Dominican Republic | Vagrant | No | |||
| Falkland Islands (Malvinas) | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Faroe Islands (to Denmark) | Unknown | No | |||
| France | Native | No | Yes | ||
| French Guiana | Unknown | No | |||
| Gabon | Vagrant | No | |||
| Gambia | Unknown | No | |||
| Germany | Vagrant | No | |||
| Ghana | Vagrant | No | |||
| Gibraltar (to UK) | Vagrant | No | |||
| Greenland (to Denmark) | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Grenada | Unknown | No | |||
| Guadeloupe (to France) | Vagrant | No | |||
| Guinea | Unknown | No | |||
| Guinea-Bissau | Unknown | No | |||
| Guyana | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Iceland | Unknown | No | |||
| Ireland | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Israel | Vagrant | No | |||
| Italy | Vagrant | No | |||
| Lebanon | Vagrant | No | Yes | ||
| Liberia | Vagrant | No | |||
| Martinique (to France) | Native | No | |||
| Mauritania | Unknown | No | |||
| Mexico | Native | No | |||
| Morocco | Vagrant | No | |||
| Namibia | Unknown | No | |||
| Netherlands | Vagrant | No | |||
| Norway | Unknown | No | |||
| Portugal | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Puerto Rico (to USA) | Unknown | No | |||
| São Tomé e Príncipe | Vagrant | No | Yes | ||
| Senegal | Unknown | No | |||
| Sierra Leone | Unknown | No | |||
| Sint Maarten (to Netherlands) | Vagrant | No | |||
| South Africa | Unknown | No | |||
| South Georgia & the South Sandwich Islands | Unknown | No | |||
| Spain | Native | No | Yes | ||
| St Helena (to UK) | Native | No | Yes | ||
| St Lucia | Vagrant | No | |||
| St Martin (to France) | Unknown | No | |||
| St Pierre and Miquelon (to France) | Native | No | Yes | Yes | |
| St Vincent and the Grenadines | Unknown | No | |||
| Suriname | Vagrant | No | |||
| Sweden | Vagrant | No | |||
| Trinidad and Tobago | Vagrant | No | Yes | ||
| Turks and Caicos Islands (to UK) | Unknown | No | |||
| United Kingdom | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Uruguay | Unknown | No | |||
| USA | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Venezuela | Unknown | No | |||
| Virgin Islands (to UK) | Vagrant | No | |||
| Virgin Islands (to USA) | Vagrant | No | |||
| Western Sahara | Unknown | No |
Important Bird Areas where this species has triggered the IBA criteria
| Country/Territory | IBA Name | IBA link |
|---|---|---|
| Canada | Brier Island and Offshore Waters |  |
| Canada | Placentia Bay | |
| High Seas | Atlantic, Southwest 28 - Marine | |
| High Seas | Atlantic, Southwest 34 - Marine | |
| St Helena (to UK) | Gough Island | |
| St Helena (to UK) | Inaccessible Island | |
| St Helena (to UK) | Nightingale Island group | |
Habitats & altitude
| Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Forest | Subantarctic | major | breeding |
| Grassland | Subantarctic | major | breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Macroalgal/Kelp | suitable | breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Macroalgal/Kelp | suitable | non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Pelagic | major | breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Pelagic | major | non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Seagrass (Submerged) | suitable | breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Seagrass (Submerged) | suitable | non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Subtidal Loose Rock/pebble/gravel | suitable | non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Subtidal Loose Rock/pebble/gravel | suitable | breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Subtidal Rock and Rocky Reefs | suitable | non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Subtidal Rock and Rocky Reefs | suitable | breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Subtidal Sandy | suitable | breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Subtidal Sandy | suitable | non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Subtidal Sandy-Mud | suitable | breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Subtidal Sandy-Mud | suitable | non-breeding |
| Marine Oceanic | Epipelagic (0-200m) | major | non-breeding |
| Marine Oceanic | Epipelagic (0-200m) | major | breeding |
| Altitude | 0 - 600 m | Occasional altitudinal limits |
Threats & impact
| Threat (level 1) | Threat (level 2) | Impact and Stresses | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biological resource use | Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals / Intentional use (species is the target) | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Decline | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
| |||||||||
| Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases | Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases / Domestic Cat (Felis catus) | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Unknown | Unknown | ||||||
| |||||||||
Utilisation
| Purpose | Primary form used | Life stage used | Source | Scale | Level | Timing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Food (human) | Whole | Adults and juveniles | Wild | Subsistence, National | Non-trivial | Recent |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2013) Species factsheet: Puffinus gravis. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 25/05/2013.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2013) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 25/05/2013.
This information is based upon, and updates, the information published in BirdLife International (2000) Threatened birds of the world. Barcelona and Cambridge, UK: Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, BirdLife International (2004) Threatened birds of the world 2004 CD-ROM and BirdLife International (2008) Threatened birds of the world 2008 CD-ROM. These sources provide the information for species accounts for the birds on the IUCN Red List.
To provide new information to update this factsheet or to correct any errors, please email BirdLife
To contribute to discussions on the evaluation of the IUCN Red List status of Globally Threatened Birds, please visit BirdLife's Globally Threatened Bird Forums.
| Key facts | |
|---|---|
| Current IUCN Red List category | Least Concern |
| Family | Procellariidae (Petrels and shearwaters) |
| Species name author | (O'Reilly, 1818) |
| Population size | mature individuals |
| Population trend | Stable |
| Distribution size (breeding/resident) | 60,000,000 km2 |
| Country endemic? | No |
| Links to further information | |
| - Summary information on this species | |
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