Dalmatian Pelican (Pelecanus crispus) - BirdLife species factsheet

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Dalmatian Pelican Pelecanus crispus

IUCN Red List Criteria

Critically Endangered
Endangered
Vulnerable	A2ce+3ce+4ce

IUCN Red List history

Year	Category
2012	Vulnerable
2008	Vulnerable
2006	Vulnerable
2004	Vulnerable
2000	Lower Risk/Conservation Dependent
1996	Vulnerable
1994	Vulnerable
1988	Threatened

Species attributes

Migratory status	full migrant	Forest dependency	Does not normally occur in forest
Land mass type	continent	Average mass	-

Distribution

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km²)	298,000	medium
Extent of Occurrence non-breeding (km²)	498,000	medium
Number of locations	11-100	-
Fragmentation		-

Population & trend

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
No. of mature individuals	6700-9300	medium	Estimated	2005
Population trend	Decreasing	poor		-
Number of subpopulations	2-100	-	-	-
Largest subpopulation	1001-12300	-	-	-
Generation length (yrs)	11	-	-	-
Population justification: The population is estimated to number 4,350-4,800 individuals in the Black Sea and Mediterranean; 6,000-9,000 individuals in South-East Asia and south Asia, and 50 individuals in east Asia (Simba Chan in litt. 2005). This totals 10,000-13,900 individuals, roughly equating to 6,700-9,300 mature individuals.
Trend justification: Although some sub-populations have shown recent increases (including in Greece, Romania, Bulgaria and Turkey), this species's population is suspected to have decreased rapidly over the last three generations, in line with levels of disturbance, persecution (particularly by fishermen), wetland alteration and destruction, water pollution, collision with overhead power-lines, over-exploitation of fish stocks and, in Mongolia, hunting by herders.

Country/Territory distribution

Country/Territory	Occurrence status	Extinct	Breeding	Non-breeding	Passage
Afghanistan	Native	No		Yes	Yes
Albania	Native	No
Algeria	Vagrant	No
Armenia	Native	No	Yes
Azerbaijan	Native	No			Yes
Bangladesh	Native	possibly		Yes
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Native	Yes
Bulgaria	Native	No			Yes
China (mainland)	Native	No		Yes
Croatia	Native	Yes		Yes
Cyprus	Vagrant	No
Czech Republic	Vagrant	No
Egypt	Native	No		Yes
Georgia	Native	No		Yes	Yes
Germany	Native	Yes
Greece	Native	No			Yes
Hong Kong (China)	Native	No		Yes
Hungary	Vagrant	Yes	Yes
India	Native	No		Yes
Iran, Islamic Republic of	Native	No
Iraq	Native	No		Yes
Israel	Native	No		Yes	Yes
Italy	Vagrant	No
Japan	Vagrant	No
Kazakhstan	Native	No	Yes
Kuwait	Vagrant	No		Yes	Yes
Kyrgyzstan	Native	No			Yes
Latvia	Vagrant	No
Lebanon	Native	No			Yes
Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of	Native	Yes			Yes
Moldova	Native	No		Yes
Mongolia	Native	No	Yes
Montenegro	Native	No
Norway	Vagrant	No
Oman	Vagrant	No		Yes
Pakistan	Native	No		Yes
Poland	Vagrant	No
Romania	Native	No			Yes
Russia (Central Asian)	Native	No	Yes		Yes
Russia (European)	Native	No			Yes
Serbia	Unknown	No
Slovakia	Vagrant	No
South Korea	Vagrant	No
Spain	Vagrant	No		Yes	Yes
Sri Lanka	Unknown	No
Syria	Native	No			Yes
Taiwan (China)	Vagrant	No
Tajikistan	Native	No		Yes	Yes
Turkey	Native	No
Turkmenistan	Native	No	Yes
Ukraine	Native	No	Yes		Yes
United Arab Emirates	Vagrant	No		Yes
Uzbekistan	Native	No	Yes
Western Sahara	Vagrant	No

Important Bird Areas where this species has triggered the IBA criteria

Country/Territory	IBA Name	IBA link
Afghanistan	Hamun-i-Puzak
Albania	Karavasta Lagoon
Albania	Narta Lagoon
Azerbaijan	Divichi liman (or Lake Akzibir)
Azerbaijan	Sahil settlement - "Shelf" factory
Azerbaijan	Shorgel lakes/Shirvan reserve
Azerbaijan	Yashma Island
Bulgaria	Atanasovsko Lake
Bulgaria	Burgasko Lake
Bulgaria	Durankulak Lake
Bulgaria	Emine
Bulgaria	Island near Gorni Tzibar
Bulgaria	Kalimok Complex
Bulgaria	Kamchia Complex
Bulgaria	Kamchiyska Mountain
Bulgaria	Lakat Island
Bulgaria	Mandra-Poda complex
Bulgaria	Mechka Fish-ponds
Bulgaria	Ovtcharitsa Reservoir
Bulgaria	Pomorie Lake
Bulgaria	Pozharevo Island
Bulgaria	Ropotamo Complex
Bulgaria	Rozov Kladenets Reservoir
Bulgaria	Srebarna
Bulgaria	Varna-Beloslav Lakes Complex
China (mainland)	Bosten Lake
China (mainland)	Chen Hu Wetland Nature Reserve
China (mainland)	Dongting Hu wetlands
China (mainland)	Futian Nature Reserve
China (mainland)	Gaoyou Hu
China (mainland)	Gongping Dahu Nature Reserve
China (mainland)	Hangzhou Wan
China (mainland)	Hongjian Nur
China (mainland)	Lanbowan–Qilihe Wetland
China (mainland)	Min Jiang Estuary
China (mainland)	Poyang Hu wetlands
China (mainland)	Rong Jiang Estuary
China (mainland)	Shaobo Hu Lake Area
China (mainland)	Ulungur Hu and Jili Hu (Fu Hai)
China (mainland)	Wenzhou Wan
China (mainland)	Yubei Huanghe Gudao Nature Reserve
China (mainland)	Zhengzhou Huanghe Wetland Nature Reserve
Georgia	Bogdasheni Lake
Georgia	Kartsakhi Lake
Georgia	Khanchali Lake
Georgia	Madatapha Lake
Greece	Amvrakikos gulf
Greece	Artzan marshes
Greece	Axios, Loudias, and Aliakmon estuaries
Greece	Evros delta
Greece	Kalamas estuary
Greece	Lake Chimaditis and Lake Zazaris
Greece	Lake Doirani
Greece	Lake Kastoria (Orestiada)
Greece	Lake Kerkini
Greece	Lake Mikri Prespa and Lake Megali Prespa
Greece	Lake Mitrikou (Ismarida)
Greece	Lakes Volvi-Langada (or Koronia-Ag. Vasiliou) and Rentina Gorge (or Makedonika Tempi)
Greece	Nestou delta and coastal lagoons
Greece	Porto Lagos, Lake Vistonis, and coastal lagoons (Lakes of Thrace)
Greece	Strymon delta
Hong Kong (China)	Inner Deep Bay and Shenzhen River catchment area
India	Banni Grassland and Chhari Dhand
India	Bardha Dam
India	Flamingo city
India	Gir National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary
India	Kaj Lake Pipalava Bandharo
India	Kanjli Lake
India	Kaziranga National Park
India	Keoladeo National Park and Ajan Bande
India	Khijadiya Lake and Bird Sanctuary
India	Marine National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary
India	Nalsarovar Wildlife Sanctuary
India	Saltpans of Bhavnagar
India	Sambhar Lake
India	Sareri Bandh
India	Sariska Tiger Reserve
India	Thol Lake Wildlife Sanctuary
India	Wild Ass Wildlife Sanctuary
Iran, Islamic Republic of	Arjan Protected Area
Iran, Islamic Republic of	Bahu Kalat (Gandu) Protected Area
Iran, Islamic Republic of	Bandar Kiashar lagoon and mouth of Sefid Rud
Iran, Islamic Republic of	Chahbahar Bay and Khor Konarak
Iran, Islamic Republic of	Dez river marshes and plains
Iran, Islamic Republic of	Gomishan marshes and Turkoman steppes
Iran, Islamic Republic of	Hamoun-i Sabari and Hamoun-i Hirmand
Iran, Islamic Republic of	Horeh Bamdej
Iran, Islamic Republic of	Karkheh river marshes
Iran, Islamic Republic of	Khor Jask
Iran, Islamic Republic of	Khouran Straits
Iran, Islamic Republic of	Lake Bakhtegan, Lake Tashk and Kamjan marshes
Iran, Islamic Republic of	Miankaleh Peninsula and Gorgan Bay
Iran, Islamic Republic of	Rud-i-Gaz and Rud-i-Hara deltas
Iran, Islamic Republic of	Rud-i-Jagin and Rud-i-Gabrik deltas
Iran, Islamic Republic of	Shadegan marshes and tidal mudflats of Khor-al Amaya and Khor Musa
Iran, Islamic Republic of	South Caspian shore, from Astara to Gomishan
Iran, Islamic Republic of	South end of the Hamoun-i Puzak
Iraq	Central Marshes
Iraq	Haur Al Hammar
Iraq	Haur Al Rayan and Umm Osbah
Iraq	Haur Om am Nyaj
Iraq	Haur Uwainah
Kazakhstan	Amangeldy
Kazakhstan	Cherniy (Black) Irtysh Delta
Kazakhstan	Isei Lake
Kazakhstan	Korgalzhyn State Nature Reserve
Kazakhstan	Kumdykol-Zharlykol Lake System
Kazakhstan	Lesser Aral Sea
Kazakhstan	Syrdarya Delta Lakes
Kazakhstan	Syrdarya Delta Lakes
Kazakhstan	Uyalyshalkar Lake System
Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of	Lake Dojran
Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of	Lake Prespa
Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of	Pelagonia
Mongolia	Airag Lake
Mongolia	Boon Tsagaan Lake
Mongolia	Khar Lake
Mongolia	Khar Us Lake
Mongolia	Khomiin Tal
Mongolia	Khoton-Khorgon Lakes
Mongolia	Ogii Lake
Mongolia	Orog Lake
Mongolia	Santmargatsyn Bayan Lake
Mongolia	Taatsiin Tsagaan Lake
Mongolia	Taigam Lake
Mongolia	Uvs Lake
Mongolia	Uvsiin Khar Lake
Mongolia	Zavkhan River - Ereen Lake
Mongolia	Zavkhan River - Ereen Lake
Montenegro	Lake Skadar
Pakistan	Haleji Wildlife Sanctuary
Pakistan	Hingol National Park
Pakistan	Indus Dolphin Reserve and Kandhkot wetlands
Pakistan	Jiwani Beaches and Dasht Kaur
Pakistan	Keti Bundar North Wildlife Sanctuary
Pakistan	Kirthar National Park (including Hub Dam)
Pakistan	Manchar Lake
Pakistan	Outer Indus delta
Pakistan	Phoosna Wetlands Complex
Pakistan	Ucchali Wetland Complex
Romania	Balta Albă - Amara - Jirlău
Romania	Bistreţ
Romania	Black Sea
Romania	Calafat - Ciuperceni - Dunăre
Romania	Ciocăneşti - Dunăre
Romania	Confluenţa Jiu - Dunăre
Romania	Danube Delta
Romania	Dunărea Veche (Braţul Măcin)
Romania	Iezerul Călăraşi
Romania	Lake Beibugeac (Plopu)
Romania	Lake Bugeac
Romania	Lake Dunăreni
Romania	Lake Gălăţui
Romania	Lake Mostiştea
Romania	Lake Oltina
Romania	Lake Taşaul
Romania	Limanu - Herghelia
Romania	Măcin - Niculiţel
Romania	Ostrovu Lung - Gostinu
Romania	Suhaia
Russia (Asian)	Tere-Khol' lake
Russia (Central Asian)	Bol'shoye Beloe lake
Russia (Central Asian)	Bol'shoye Topol'noye lake
Russia (Central Asian)	Chernoye Lake
Russia (Central Asian)	Holes of the Karasul River Downstream
Russia (Central Asian)	Kaban'i lakes
Russia (Central Asian)	Krutali Lake
Russia (Central Asian)	Kurlady Lake
Russia (Central Asian)	Kurtan Lake
Russia (Central Asian)	Saltaim-Tenis lake
Russia (Central Asian)	Schuch'ye lake
Russia (Central Asian)	Shchuch'ye lake
Russia (Central Asian)	Stekleney Lake
Russia (Central Asian)	System of lakes Kurlady-Selezjan-Atkul
Russia (Central Asian)	Tundrovo lake
Russia (European)	Achikol'skiye lakes
Russia (European)	Agrakhanski Bay (North Agrakhan)
Russia (European)	Burukshunskiye limans
Russia (European)	Chechen' Island and east seaside of Agrakhan peninsula
Russia (European)	Dadynskiye lakes
Russia (European)	Islands in the western part of Lake Manych-Gudilo
Russia (European)	Karakol'skiye lakes
Russia (European)	Khanskoye Lake
Russia (European)	Kiziltash limans
Russia (European)	Kizlyar Bay
Russia (European)	Kozinka lake and Baranikovski segment of Manych
Russia (European)	Kurnikov liman
Russia (European)	Lake 'Southern Agrakhan'
Russia (European)	Lake Ayke
Russia (European)	Lysyi Liman lake and valley of Vostochniy Manych river
Russia (European)	Manychstroi area
Russia (European)	Mekhteb reservoir
Russia (European)	Nizhnekumskiye floods
Russia (European)	Oling area
Russia (European)	Shalkaro-Zhetykol'ski lake system
Russia (European)	Southern part of Chograiski reservoir
Russia (European)	Sulakskaya bay
Russia (European)	Temirgoiskiye lakes
Russia (European)	Turali lakes
Russia (European)	Turalinskaya lagoon
Russia (European)	Tyuleni island
Russia (European)	Volga Delta
Russia (European)	Yeiski salt-lakes
Turkey	Aktaş Lake
Turkey	Çıldır Lake
Turkey	Bafa Lake
Turkey	Büyük Menderes Delta
Turkey	Ereğli Plain
Turkey	Göksu Delta
Turkey	Gediz Delta
Turkey	Kuş Lake / Manyas Lake
Turkey	Marmara Lake
Turkey	Meriç Delta
Turkey	Uluabat Lake
Turkmenistan	Gorelde
Turkmenistan	Jarsay - Khangui
Turkmenistan	Ketteshor - Ramankol
Turkmenistan	Khankhovuz
Turkmenistan	Nargyz
Turkmenistan	Sarygamysh
Turkmenistan	Saryyazy
Turkmenistan	Soltandag - Gyzylburun
Turkmenistan	Soltansanjar - Duyeboyun
Turkmenistan	Zeyit - Kelif
Ukraine	Kugurluj and Kartal lakes
Ukraine	Stentsivs'ko-Zhebriyanivs'ki plavni
Uzbekistan	Akpetky lakes and surrounding Aralkum Desert
Uzbekistan	Ayakaghytma lake and surrounding desert
Uzbekistan	Dengizkul Lake
Uzbekistan	Dzheiran Ecocentre
Uzbekistan	Kagan Fish Farm
Uzbekistan	Karakyr Lakes
Uzbekistan	Northern shore of Aydarkul Lake
Uzbekistan	Sudochye Lake
Uzbekistan	Tudakul and Kuymazar Reservoirs
Uzbekistan	Tuzkan Lake
Uzbekistan	Zekry Lake

Habitats & altitude

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Marine Coastal/Supratidal	Coastal Brackish/Saline Lagoons/Marine Lakes	major	non-breeding
Marine Coastal/Supratidal	Coastal Brackish/Saline Lagoons/Marine Lakes	major	breeding
Marine Coastal/Supratidal	Coastal Freshwater Lakes	suitable	non-breeding
Marine Coastal/Supratidal	Coastal Freshwater Lakes	suitable	breeding
Marine Neritic	Estuaries	suitable	non-breeding
Wetlands (inland)	Permanent Freshwater Lakes (over 8ha)	major	breeding
Wetlands (inland)	Permanent Freshwater Lakes (over 8ha)	major	non-breeding
Wetlands (inland)	Permanent Inland Deltas	major	non-breeding
Wetlands (inland)	Permanent Inland Deltas	major	breeding
Altitude	0 - 0 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threats & impact

Threat (level 1)

Threat (level 2)

Impact and Stresses

Agriculture & Aquaculture

Annual & perennial non-timber crops / Agro-industry farming

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Majority (50-90%)

Rapid Declines

Medium Impact:

Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

Energy production & mining

Renewable energy

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Future

Majority (50-90%)

Slow, Significant Decline

Low Impact: 4

Stresses
Species disturbance, Species mortality

Transportation & service corridors

Roads & railroads

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Minority (<50%)

Negligible declines

Low Impact: 4

Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

Transportation & service corridors

Utility & service lines

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Minority (<50%)

Negligible declines

Low Impact: 4

Stresses
Species mortality

Biological resource use

Fishing & harvesting aquatic resources / Persecution/control

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Minority (<50%)

Negligible declines

Low Impact: 4

Stresses
Species mortality

Biological resource use

Fishing & harvesting aquatic resources / Unintentional effects: (large scale)

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Minority (<50%)

Slow, Significant Decline

Low Impact: 5

Stresses
Indirect ecosystem effects

Biological resource use

Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals / Intentional use (species is the target)

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Majority (50-90%)

Slow, Significant Decline

Medium Impact:

Stresses
Species mortality

Human intrusions & disturbance

Recreational activities

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Minority (<50%)

Negligible declines

Low Impact: 4

Stresses
Species disturbance, Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

Natural system modifications

Dams & water management/use / Dams (size unknown)

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Minority (<50%)

Negligible declines

Low Impact: 4

Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases

Problematic native species/diseases / wild boar (Sus scrofa)

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Minority (<50%)

Slow, Significant Decline

Low Impact: 5

Stresses
Reduced reproductive success

Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases

Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases / Wild Boar (Sus scrofa)

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Minority (<50%)

Slow, Significant Decline

Low Impact: 5

Stresses
None

Pollution

Agricultural & forestry effluents / Type Unknown/Unrecorded

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Majority (50-90%)

Slow, Significant Decline

Medium Impact:

Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

Utilisation

Purpose	Primary form used	Life stage used	Source	Scale	Level	Timing
Food (human)	Whole	Adults and juveniles	Wild	Subsistence, National	Non-trivial	Recent
Pets	Whole	Adults and juveniles	Wild	International	Trivial	Recent

Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2013) Species factsheet: Pelecanus crispus. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 26/05/2013. Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2013) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 26/05/2013.

This information is based upon, and updates, the information published in BirdLife International (2000) Threatened birds of the world. Barcelona and Cambridge, UK: Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, BirdLife International (2004) Threatened birds of the world 2004 CD-ROM and BirdLife International (2008) Threatened birds of the world 2008 CD-ROM. These sources provide the information for species accounts for the birds on the IUCN Red List.

To provide new information to update this factsheet or to correct any errors, please email BirdLife

To contribute to discussions on the evaluation of the IUCN Red List status of Globally Threatened Birds, please visit BirdLife's Globally Threatened Bird Forums.

Key facts
Current IUCN Red List category	Vulnerable
Family	Pelecanidae (Pelicans)
Species name author	Bruch, 1832
Population size	6700-9300 mature individuals
Population trend	Decreasing
Distribution size (breeding/resident)	298,000 km²
Country endemic?	No
Links to further information
- Summary information on this species