IUCN Red List Criteria
| Critically Endangered |
|
| Endangered |
|
| Vulnerable |
C2a(ii) |
IUCN Red List history
| Year |
Category |
| 2012 |
Vulnerable |
| 2008 |
Vulnerable |
| 2006 |
Vulnerable |
| 2004 |
Vulnerable |
| 2000 |
Lower Risk/Near Threatened |
| 1994 |
Lower Risk/Near Threatened |
| 1988 |
Threatened |
Species attributes
| Migratory status |
not a migrant |
Forest dependency |
Does not normally occur in forest |
| Land mass type |
continent
|
Average mass |
- |
Distribution
| |
Estimate |
Data quality |
| Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) |
1,470,000 |
medium |
| Number of locations |
11-100 |
- |
| Fragmentation |
|
- |
Population & trend
| |
Estimate |
Data quality |
Derivation |
Year of estimate |
| No. of mature individuals |
3300-5300 |
medium |
Estimated |
2003 |
| Population trend |
Decreasing |
medium |
|
- |
| Number of subpopulations |
1 |
- |
- |
- |
| Largest subpopulation |
5000-8000 |
- |
- |
- |
| Generation length (yrs) |
12.2 |
- |
- |
- |
|
Population justification: The total population has been estimated at 5,000-8,000 individuals (T. Dodman in litt. 2002), and a total population estimate of fewer than 10,000 individuals is supported by Dinesen and Baker (2006). The range of 5,000-8,000 individuals roughly equates to 3,300-5,300 mature individuals. |
|
Trend justification: There is little doubt that the species is declining in Tanzania, Zambia and Rwanda, with declines perhaps in Uganda as well, and the species may be more threatened than available information suggests (L. Dinesen in litt. 2007). |
Country/Territory distribution
| Country/Territory |
Occurrence status |
Extinct |
Breeding |
Non-breeding |
Passage |
| Central African Republic |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Congo, The Democratic Republic of the |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Ethiopia |
Vagrant |
No |
|
Yes |
|
| Rwanda |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| South Sudan |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Sudan |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Tanzania |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Uganda |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Zambia |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
Important Bird Areas where this species has triggered the IBA criteria
| Country/Territory |
IBA Name |
IBA link |
| Congo, The Democratic Republic of the |
Lufira valley |
 |
| Congo, The Democratic Republic of the |
Upemba National Park |
|
| Congo, The Democratic Republic of the |
Virunga National Park |
|
| Ethiopia |
Baro river |
|
| Ethiopia |
Gambella National Park |
|
| Rwanda |
Akagera National Park |
|
| South Sudan |
Boma |
|
| South Sudan |
Sudd (Bahr-el-Jebel system) |
|
| Tanzania |
Burigi - Biharamulo Game Reserves |
|
| Tanzania |
Moyowosi - Kigosi Game Reserves |
|
| Uganda |
Ajai Wildlife Reserve |
|
| Uganda |
Kyambura Wildlife Reserve |
|
| Uganda |
Lake Bisina |
|
| Uganda |
Lake Mburo National Park |
|
| Uganda |
Lake Nakuwa |
|
| Uganda |
Lake Opeta |
|
| Uganda |
Mabamba Bay |
|
| Uganda |
Murchison Falls National Park |
|
| Uganda |
Nabajjuzi Wetland |
|
| Uganda |
Nabugabo wetland |
|
| Uganda |
Queen Elizabeth National Park and Lake George |
|
| Uganda |
Semliki reserves |
|
| Zambia |
Bangweulu Swamps |
|
| Zambia |
Mweru Wantipa National Park |
|
| Zambia |
Sumbu National Park and Tondwa Game Management Area |
|
Habitats & altitude
| Habitat (level 1) |
Habitat (level 2) |
Importance |
Occurrence |
| Wetlands (inland) |
Permanent Freshwater Marshes/Pools (under 8ha) |
major |
resident |
| Wetlands (inland) |
Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls) |
major |
resident |
|
Altitude
|
0 - 0 m
|
Occasional altitudinal limits
|
|
Threats & impact
| Threat (level 1) |
Threat (level 2) |
Impact and Stresses |
| Agriculture & Aquaculture |
Annual & perennial non-timber crops / Small-holder farming |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Majority (50-90%) |
Slow, Significant Decline |
Medium Impact: |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
| Agriculture & Aquaculture |
Livestock farming & ranching / Small-holder grazing, ranching or farming |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Minority (<50%) |
Slow, Significant Decline |
Low Impact: 5 |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
| Transportation & service corridors |
Roads & railroads |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Minority (<50%) |
Negligible declines |
Low Impact: 4 |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
| Biological resource use |
Fishing & harvesting aquatic resources / Persecution/control |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Minority (<50%) |
Negligible declines |
Low Impact: 4 |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Species mortality |
|
| Biological resource use |
Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals / Intentional use (species is the target) |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Majority (50-90%) |
Negligible declines |
Low Impact: 5 |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Species mortality |
|
| Human intrusions & disturbance |
War, civil unrest & military exercises |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Minority (<50%) |
Negligible declines |
Low Impact: 4 |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Species disturbance, Species mortality |
|
| Human intrusions & disturbance |
Work & other activities |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Majority (50-90%) |
Negligible declines |
Low Impact: 5 |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Species disturbance |
|
| Natural system modifications |
Dams & water management/use / Large dams |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Majority (50-90%) |
Unknown |
Unknown |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
| Natural system modifications |
Fire & fire suppression / Trend Unknown/Unrecorded |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Minority (<50%) |
Negligible declines |
Low Impact: 4 |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
| Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases |
Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases / Domestic Cow (Bos taurus) |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Minority (<50%) |
Negligible declines |
Low Impact: 4 |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion, Reduced reproductive success |
|
| Climate change & severe weather |
Droughts |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Minority (<50%) |
Negligible declines |
Low Impact: 4 |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
Utilisation
| Purpose |
Primary form used |
Life stage used |
Source |
Scale |
Level |
Timing |
| Pets |
Whole |
Adults and juveniles |
Wild |
Subsistence, National |
Non-trivial |
Recent |
| Food (human) |
Whole |
Adults and juveniles |
Wild |
Subsistence, National |
Non-trivial |
Recent |
| Pets |
Whole |
Adults and juveniles |
Wild |
International |
Non-trivial |
Recent |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2013) Species factsheet: Balaeniceps rex. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 24/05/2013.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2013) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 24/05/2013.
This information is based upon, and updates, the information published in BirdLife International (2000)
Threatened birds of the world. Barcelona and Cambridge, UK: Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, BirdLife International (2004)
Threatened birds of the world 2004 CD-ROM and BirdLife International (2008) Threatened birds of the world 2008 CD-ROM. These sources provide the information for species accounts for the birds on the IUCN Red List.
To provide new information to update this factsheet or to correct any errors, please email BirdLife
To contribute to discussions on the evaluation of the IUCN Red List status of Globally Threatened Birds, please visit BirdLife's Globally Threatened Bird Forums.
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