IUCN Red List Criteria
| Critically Endangered |
A2cd+3cd+4cd;C2a(i) |
| Endangered |
A2cd+3cd+4cd;C2a(i);D |
| Vulnerable |
A2cd+3cd+4cd;C2a(i);D1 |
IUCN Red List history
| Year |
Category |
| 2012 |
Critically Endangered |
| 2010 |
Critically Endangered |
| 2009 |
Critically Endangered |
| 2008 |
Critically Endangered |
| 2004 |
Critically Endangered |
| 2000 |
Critically Endangered |
| 1996 |
Critically Endangered |
| 1994 |
Critically Endangered |
| 1988 |
Threatened |
Species attributes
| Migratory status |
not a migrant |
Forest dependency |
High |
| Land mass type |
continent
|
Average mass |
- |
Distribution
| |
Estimate |
Data quality |
| Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) |
24,700 |
medium |
| Number of locations |
|
- |
| Fragmentation |
|
- |
Population & trend
| |
Estimate |
Data quality |
Derivation |
Year of estimate |
| No. of mature individuals |
230 |
medium |
Estimated |
2012 |
| Population trend |
Decreasing |
poor |
|
- |
| Number of subpopulations |
3-10 |
- |
- |
- |
| Largest subpopulation |
1-50 |
- |
- |
- |
| Generation length (yrs) |
8 |
- |
- |
- |
|
Population justification: Recent assessment of the available records suggests a minimum estimate of 115 pairs (40 at each of the two high density sites, 5-10 at each of seven low density sites) (T. Evans, H. Rainey, R. Vann and H. Wright in litt. 2012). This is equivalent to a minimum of 230 mature individuals, and roughly 345 individuals in total. |
|
Trend justification: An extremely rapid population decline is suspected to have occurred over the last three generations and is projected to occur over the next three generations, based on information from T. Clements (in litt. 2007), who has commented: "Deforestation scenarios project that Cambodia will lose 50% or more of its forest habitat in the next 25 years, a greater portion of which is expected to be in the lowland areas inhabited by Giant Ibis. For example, recent assessments have shown that Cambodia lost 1-2% of its forest annually during 2002-2006. Giant Ibises are known to be highly sensitive to human disturbance, hence increasing deforestation and habitat fragmentation would have a disproportionate effect on the remaining ibis populations". |
Country/Territory distribution
| Country/Territory |
Occurrence status |
Extinct |
Breeding |
Non-breeding |
Passage |
| Cambodia |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Laos |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Thailand |
Native |
Yes |
|
|
|
| Vietnam |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
Important Bird Areas where this species has triggered the IBA criteria
| Country/Territory |
IBA Name |
IBA link |
| Cambodia |
Chhep |
 |
| Cambodia |
Lomphat |
|
| Cambodia |
Mondulkiri / Kratie Lowlands |
|
| Cambodia |
Sekong River |
|
| Cambodia |
Upper Srepok Catchment |
|
| Cambodia |
Upper Stung Sen Catchment |
|
| Cambodia |
Western Siem Pang |
|
| Laos |
Dong Khanthung |
|
| Laos |
Xe Pian |
|
Habitats & altitude
| Habitat (level 1) |
Habitat (level 2) |
Importance |
Occurrence |
| Artificial/Terrestrial |
Arable Land |
suitable |
non-breeding |
| Forest |
Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland |
major |
resident |
| Grassland |
Subtropical/Tropical Seasonally Wet/Flooded |
major |
resident |
| Wetlands (inland) |
Permanent Freshwater Lakes (over 8ha) |
major |
resident |
| Wetlands (inland) |
Permanent Freshwater Marshes/Pools (under 8ha) |
major |
resident |
|
Altitude
|
0 - 0 m
|
Occasional altitudinal limits
|
|
Threats & impact
| Threat (level 1) |
Threat (level 2) |
Impact and Stresses |
| Residential & commercial development |
Housing & urban areas |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Minority (<50%) |
Rapid Declines |
Medium Impact: |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
| Agriculture & Aquaculture |
Annual & perennial non-timber crops / Agro-industry farming |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Majority (50-90%) |
Rapid Declines |
Medium Impact: |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
| Agriculture & Aquaculture |
Annual & perennial non-timber crops / Small-holder farming |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Majority (50-90%) |
Rapid Declines |
Medium Impact: |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
| Agriculture & Aquaculture |
Livestock farming & ranching / Small-holder grazing, ranching or farming |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Minority (<50%) |
Slow, Significant Decline |
Low Impact: 5 |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
| Biological resource use |
Gathering terrestrial plants / Unintentional effects (species is not the target) |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Minority (<50%) |
Slow, Significant Decline |
Low Impact: 5 |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
| Biological resource use |
Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals / Intentional use (species is the target) |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Majority (50-90%) |
Rapid Declines |
Medium Impact: |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Species mortality |
|
| Human intrusions & disturbance |
Work & other activities |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Majority (50-90%) |
Rapid Declines |
Medium Impact: |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Species disturbance |
|
| Natural system modifications |
Dams & water management/use / Dams (size unknown) |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Future |
Minority (<50%) |
Rapid Declines |
Low Impact: 4 |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
| Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases |
Problematic native species/diseases / Unspecified mammals |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Majority (50-90%) |
Unknown |
Unknown |
|
Utilisation
| Purpose |
Primary form used |
Life stage used |
Source |
Scale |
Level |
Timing |
| Food (human) |
Whole |
Adults and juveniles |
Wild |
Subsistence, National |
Non-trivial |
Recent |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2013) Species factsheet: Thaumatibis gigantea. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 21/05/2013.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2013) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 21/05/2013.
This information is based upon, and updates, the information published in BirdLife International (2000)
Threatened birds of the world. Barcelona and Cambridge, UK: Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, BirdLife International (2004)
Threatened birds of the world 2004 CD-ROM and BirdLife International (2008) Threatened birds of the world 2008 CD-ROM. These sources provide the information for species accounts for the birds on the IUCN Red List.
To provide new information to update this factsheet or to correct any errors, please email BirdLife
To contribute to discussions on the evaluation of the IUCN Red List status of Globally Threatened Birds, please visit BirdLife's Globally Threatened Bird Forums.
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