IUCN Red List Criteria
| Critically Endangered |
A4bcde |
| Endangered |
A4bcde |
| Vulnerable |
A4bcde |
IUCN Red List history
| Year |
Category |
| 2012 |
Critically Endangered |
| 2010 |
Critically Endangered |
| 2009 |
Critically Endangered |
| 2008 |
Critically Endangered |
| 2005 |
Critically Endangered |
| 2004 |
Critically Endangered |
| 2000 |
Lower Risk/Least Concern |
| 1994 |
Lower Risk/Least Concern |
| 1988 |
Lower Risk/Least Concern |
Species attributes
| Migratory status |
not a migrant |
Forest dependency |
High |
| Land mass type |
shelf island
continent
|
Average mass |
- |
Distribution
| |
Estimate |
Data quality |
| Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) |
124,000 |
medium |
| Extent of Occurrence non-breeding (km2) |
1,850,000 |
medium |
| Number of locations |
|
- |
| Fragmentation |
|
- |
Population & trend
| |
Estimate |
Data quality |
Derivation |
Year of estimate |
| No. of mature individuals |
|
medium |
Estimated |
2009 |
| Population trend |
Decreasing |
good |
|
- |
| Number of subpopulations |
|
- |
- |
- |
| Largest subpopulation |
|
- |
- |
- |
| Generation length (yrs) |
12.1 |
- |
- |
- |
|
Population justification: The population in Alaska is currently estimated at 19,578 individuals (range of 8,190-36,193; USFWS 2009). Data from Russia is scarce, but 5,100 birds are estimated to occur along Kamchatka and the Chukotka Peninsula (USFWS 2009), hence the global population is best placed in the band 20,000-40,000 individuals. Brazil (2009) estimates that Russian population to comprise: < 100 breeding pairs; < 50 individuals on migration and < 50 wintering individuals. |
|
Trend justification: Surveys have indicated that the population is undergoing an extremely rapid decline, which is projected to continue (K. Kuletz in litt. 2002; Kuletz et al. 2003; Kissling 2006; Piatt et al. undated). However, more recent surveys suggest that the population may not be declining at such a steep rate (M. Kissling in litt. 2010; M. Kirchoff in litt. 2010), although clarification is required. |
Country/Territory distribution
| Country/Territory |
Occurrence status |
Extinct |
Breeding |
Non-breeding |
Passage |
| Canada |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Japan |
Native |
No |
|
Yes |
|
| Russia (Asian) |
Native |
No |
Yes |
|
|
| USA |
Native |
No |
Yes |
|
|
Important Bird Areas where this species has triggered the IBA criteria
| Country/Territory |
IBA Name |
IBA link |
| USA |
Attu Island |
 |
| USA |
Harriman Fjord |
|
| USA |
Icy Bay |
|
| USA |
Kachemak Bay (South Shore) |
|
| USA |
Uganik Bay and Viekoda Bay |
|
Habitats & altitude
| Habitat (level 1) |
Habitat (level 2) |
Importance |
Occurrence |
| Forest |
Boreal |
major |
breeding |
| Marine Neritic |
Macroalgal/Kelp |
major |
resident |
| Marine Neritic |
Pelagic |
suitable |
resident |
| Marine Neritic |
Seagrass (Submerged) |
major |
resident |
| Marine Neritic |
Subtidal Loose Rock/pebble/gravel |
major |
resident |
| Marine Neritic |
Subtidal Rock and Rocky Reefs |
major |
resident |
| Marine Neritic |
Subtidal Sandy |
major |
resident |
| Marine Neritic |
Subtidal Sandy-Mud |
major |
resident |
| Marine Oceanic |
Epipelagic (0-200m) |
suitable |
non-breeding |
| Rocky areas (eg. inland cliffs, mountain peaks) |
|
major |
breeding |
|
Altitude
|
0 - 0 m
|
Occasional altitudinal limits
|
|
Threats & impact
| Threat (level 1) |
Threat (level 2) |
Impact and Stresses |
| Biological resource use |
Fishing & harvesting aquatic resources / Unintentional effects: (large scale) |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Majority (50-90%) |
Slow, Significant Decline |
Medium Impact: |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Species mortality |
|
| Human intrusions & disturbance |
Recreational activities |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Minority (<50%) |
Slow, Significant Decline |
Low Impact: 5 |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Species disturbance, Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
| Pollution |
Industrial & military effluents / Oil spills |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Past, Likely to Return |
Minority (<50%) |
Very Rapid Declines |
Past Impact |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Species mortality |
|
| Climate change & severe weather |
Habitat shifting & alteration |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Whole (>90%) |
Unknown |
Unknown |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2013) Species factsheet: Brachyramphus brevirostris. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 20/06/2013.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2013) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 20/06/2013.
This information is based upon, and updates, the information published in BirdLife International (2000)
Threatened birds of the world. Barcelona and Cambridge, UK: Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, BirdLife International (2004)
Threatened birds of the world 2004 CD-ROM and BirdLife International (2008) Threatened birds of the world 2008 CD-ROM. These sources provide the information for species accounts for the birds on the IUCN Red List.
To provide new information to update this factsheet or to correct any errors, please email BirdLife
To contribute to discussions on the evaluation of the IUCN Red List status of Globally Threatened Birds, please visit BirdLife's Globally Threatened Bird Forums.
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