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Short-toed Snake-eagle Circaetus gallicus
IUCN Red List history
| Year | Category |
|---|---|
| 2012 | Least Concern |
| 2009 | Least Concern |
| 2008 | Least Concern |
| 2006 | Least Concern |
| 2004 | Not Recognised |
| 2000 | Not Recognised |
| 1994 | Not Recognised |
| 1988 | Not Recognised |
Species attributes
| Migratory status | full migrant | Forest dependency | Low |
| Land mass type | Average mass | - |
Distribution
| Estimate | Data quality | |
|---|---|---|
| Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) | 6,880,000 | medium |
| Extent of Occurrence non-breeding (km2) | 6,880,000 | medium |
| Number of locations | - | |
| Fragmentation | - |
Population & trend
| Estimate | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of mature individuals | 51000-156000 | poor | Estimated | 2009 |
| Population trend | Stable | - | ||
| Number of subpopulations | - | - | - | |
| Largest subpopulation | - | - | - | |
| Generation length (yrs) | 12.9 | - | - | - |
| Population justification: In Europe, the breeding population is estimated to number 8400-13000 breeding pairs, equating to 25200-39000 individuals (BirdLife International 2004). Europe forms 25-49% of the global range, so a very preliminary estimate of the global population size is 51400-156000 individuals, although further validation of this estimate is needed. | ||||
| Trend justification: The population is suspected to be stable in the absence of evidence for any declines or substantial threats. | ||||
Country/Territory distribution
| Country/Territory | Occurrence status | Extinct | Breeding | Non-breeding | Passage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Albania | Native | No | Yes | Yes | |
| Algeria | Native | No | |||
| Andorra | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Armenia | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Austria | Vagrant | No | |||
| Azerbaijan | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Bahrain | Native | No | Yes | Yes | |
| Bangladesh | Native | No | |||
| Belarus | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Belgium | Vagrant | No | |||
| Benin | Native | No | |||
| Bhutan | Vagrant | No | |||
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Bulgaria | Native | No | Yes | Yes | |
| Burkina Faso | Native | No | |||
| Cambodia | Vagrant | No | |||
| Cameroon | Native | No | |||
| Côte d'Ivoire | Native | No | |||
| Central African Republic | Native | No | |||
| Chad | Native | No | |||
| China (mainland) | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Congo, The Democratic Republic of the | Native | No | |||
| Croatia | Native | No | Yes | Yes | |
| Cyprus | Vagrant | No | |||
| Czech Republic | Native | No | |||
| Denmark | Vagrant | No | |||
| Egypt | Native | No | |||
| Estonia | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Ethiopia | Native | No | |||
| Finland | Vagrant | No | |||
| France | Native | No | Yes | Yes | |
| Gambia | Native | No | |||
| Georgia | Native | No | Yes | Yes | |
| Germany | Vagrant | No | Yes | ||
| Ghana | Native | No | |||
| Gibraltar (to UK) | Native | No | Yes | Yes | |
| Greece | Native | No | Yes | Yes | |
| Guinea | Native | No | |||
| Guinea-Bissau | Native | No | |||
| Hungary | Native | No | Yes | Yes | |
| India | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Indonesia | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Iran, Islamic Republic of | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Iraq | Native | No | Yes | Yes | |
| Israel | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Italy | Native | No | Yes | Yes | |
| Jordan | Native | No | Yes | Yes | |
| Kazakhstan | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Kenya | Native | No | |||
| Kuwait | Native | No | Yes | Yes | |
| Kyrgyzstan | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Laos | Vagrant | No | |||
| Latvia | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Lebanon | Native | No | Yes | Yes | |
| Lesotho | Vagrant | No | |||
| Liberia | Native | No | |||
| Libya | Native | No | |||
| Lithuania | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Luxembourg | Vagrant | No | |||
| Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Malaysia | Vagrant | No | |||
| Mali | Native | No | |||
| Malta | Vagrant | No | Yes | ||
| Mauritania | Native | No | |||
| Moldova | Native | No | Yes | Yes | |
| Mongolia | Vagrant | No | |||
| Montenegro | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Morocco | Native | No | |||
| Myanmar | Native | No | |||
| Nepal | Native | No | |||
| Netherlands | Vagrant | No | |||
| Niger | Native | No | |||
| Nigeria | Native | No | |||
| Norway | Vagrant | No | |||
| Oman | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Pakistan | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Palestinian Authority Territories | Native | No | |||
| Poland | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Portugal | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Qatar | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Romania | Native | No | Yes | Yes | |
| Russia (Central Asian) | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Russia (European) | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Saudi Arabia | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Senegal | Native | No | |||
| Serbia | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Sierra Leone | Vagrant | No | |||
| Singapore | Native | No | |||
| Slovakia | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Slovenia | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Somalia | Native | No | |||
| South Sudan | Native | No | Yes | Yes | |
| Spain | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Sudan | Native | No | |||
| Sweden | Vagrant | No | |||
| Switzerland | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Syria | Native | No | Yes | Yes | |
| Tajikistan | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Tanzania | Native | No | |||
| Thailand | Native | No | |||
| Timor-Leste | Native | No | |||
| Togo | Native | No | |||
| Tunisia | Native | No | |||
| Turkey | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Turkmenistan | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Uganda | Native | No | |||
| Ukraine | Native | No | Yes | Yes | |
| United Arab Emirates | Native | No | Yes | ||
| United Kingdom | Vagrant | No | |||
| Uzbekistan | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Vietnam | Native | No | |||
| Western Sahara | Native | No | |||
| Yemen | Native | No | Yes | Yes | |
| Zambia | Native | No |
Important Bird Areas where this species has triggered the IBA criteria
| Country/Territory | IBA Name | IBA link |
|---|---|---|
| Armenia | Meghri |  |
| Belarus | Al'manskija baloty | |
| Belarus | Balota Maročna | |
| Belarus | Biarezinski zapaviednik | |
| Belarus | Janka river floodplain | |
| Belarus | Kaz'jany | |
| Belarus | L'va floodplain | |
| Belarus | Polesie Reserve | |
| Belarus | Staraja Vic' | |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | Livno karst field | |
| Bulgaria | Devetashko Plateau | |
| Bulgaria | Dobrostan | |
| Bulgaria | Kotlenska Mountain | |
| Bulgaria | Lomovete | |
| Bulgaria | Mesta Valley | |
| Bulgaria | Nikopolsko Plateau | |
| Bulgaria | Rupite | |
| Bulgaria | Sakar | |
| Bulgaria | Strandzha | |
| Croatia | Special Ornithological Reserves on Cres island | |
| France | Arjuzanx | |
| France | Arrière Côte de Dijon et de Beaune | |
| France | Basses Corbières | |
| France | Bassin d'Arcachon et Banc d'Arguin | |
| France | Côte Médocaine: dunes boisées et dépressions humides | |
| France | Champ de Tir du Poteau | |
| France | Etangs de Sologne: St Viatre, Marcilly-en-Gault et forêt de Bruadan | |
| France | Forêt de Saou | |
| France | Gorges de la Dordogne | |
| France | Gorges de la Dourbie et causses avoisinants | |
| France | Gorges de la Truyère | |
| France | Gorges du Tarn et de la Jonte | |
| France | Haut Val d'Allier | |
| France | Hautes Corbières | |
| France | Hautes garrigues du Montpellierais | |
| France | Hauts Plateaux du Vercors et Forêt des Coulmes | |
| France | Les Couzes Nord | |
| France | Les Couzes Sud | |
| France | Massif du Canigou-Carança | |
| France | Montagne Sainte-Victoire | |
| France | Parc National de la Vanoise | |
| France | Parc National des Cévennes | |
| France | Parc National des Ecrins | |
| France | Parc National du Mercantour | |
| France | Plaine du Forez | |
| France | Plateau de l'Arbois, garrigues de Lancon et chaîne des Côtes | |
| France | Plateaux de Millevaches et de Gentioux | |
| France | Vallée de la Loire : gorges de la Loire | |
| Georgia | Iori Region | |
| Georgia | Meskheti | |
| Greece | Akarnanika mountains | |
| Greece | Antikhassia mountains and Meteora | |
| Greece | Central part of Zagori and Mount Mitsikeli | |
| Greece | East Lakonia mountains | |
| Greece | Filiouri river valley and east Rodopi mountains | |
| Greece | Mount Falakro | |
| Greece | Mount Othrys | |
| Greece | Protected area of Dadia-Lefkimi-Soufli forest | |
| Greece | South forest complex of Evros prefecture | |
| Greece | South-west peninsula-petrified forest, Lesvos | |
| Greece | Timfi (Gamila) and Smolikas mountains | |
| Hungary | Aggtelek Karst | |
| Hungary | Bükk | |
| Hungary | Gerecse | |
| Hungary | Mátra | |
| Hungary | Zemplén Mountains | |
| Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of | Demir Kapija Gorge | |
| Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of | Lake Tikvesh | |
| Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of | Mariovo | |
| Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of | River Pchinja-river Petroshnica-river Kriva Reka | |
| Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of | River Topolka-river Babuna-river Bregalnica | |
| Portugal | Arraiolos | |
| Portugal | Cabeção | |
| Portugal | Gerês mountains | |
| Portugal | Luzianes | |
| Portugal | Malcata mountains | |
| Portugal | Montesinho and Nogueira mountains | |
| Portugal | Mourão, Moura e Barrancos | |
| Portugal | Portas de Ródão e Vale Mourão | |
| Portugal | Sabôr and Maçãs | |
| Portugal | Serra de Monchique | |
| Portugal | Serra de Penha Garcia e Campina de Toulões | |
| Portugal | Serra do Caldeirão | |
| Portugal | South-west coast of Portugal | |
| Portugal | Upper River Tejo | |
| Romania | Aliman - Adamclisi | |
| Romania | Almăjului Mountains - Locvei | |
| Romania | Babadag wood | |
| Romania | Caraş gorge - Semenic Mountains | |
| Romania | Defileul Inferior al Mureşului | |
| Romania | Domogled - Cernei valley | |
| Romania | Hagieni forest | |
| Romania | Măcin - Niculiţel | |
| Romania | Nerei gorge - Beuşniţa | |
| Romania | Stepa Casimcea | |
| Russia (European) | Dono-Archedinskiye sands | |
| Russia (European) | Irendyk ridge | |
| Russia (European) | Nerussa - Desna woodland | |
| Russia (European) | Shaitan-Tau ridge | |
| Serbia | Prokletije | |
| Serbia | Stara mountain-Vidlic | |
| Serbia | Uvac-Milesevka | |
| Slovenia | Karst | |
| Slovenia | Snežnik plateau and Pivka valley | |
| Slovenia | Vipavski rob | |
| Spain | Alcubierre and Sigena mountain ranges | |
| Spain | Alt Pallars | |
| Spain | Babia-Somiedo | |
| Spain | Burete, Cambrón and Espuña mountain ranges | |
| Spain | Campo de Argañán | |
| Spain | Central Badajoz mountain ranges | |
| Spain | Enguera mountain range-La Canal de Navarrés | |
| Spain | Fuentes Carrionas | |
| Spain | Gistreo and Coto mountain ranges | |
| Spain | Guara mountain range | |
| Spain | Izki mountains | |
| Spain | La Cabrera mountain range | |
| Spain | Lerida steppes | |
| Spain | Lower course of the river Matarraña-Ribarroja | |
| Spain | María mountain range-Los Vélez | |
| Spain | Monfragüe | |
| Spain | Montes Aquilanos range | |
| Spain | Moratalla mountain range | |
| Spain | Mountains of Barcelona | |
| Spain | Pass of Beceite-Turmell mountain | |
| Spain | Peña Labra and Cordel mountain ranges | |
| Spain | Prelittoral mountain ranges of Granada | |
| Spain | Rivers Cabriel and Júcar canyons | |
| Spain | San Mauricio-Bohí-Beret | |
| Spain | Sierra de Aracena | |
| Spain | Sierra Morena de Sevilla | |
| Spain | Sierra Pelada mountain range | |
| Spain | Tietar valley | |
| Spain | Torrecilla and Gigante mountain ranges | |
| Spain | Turia canyon and Los Serranos | |
| Spain | Urbión and Cebollera Mountain Ranges | |
| Spain | Valdegovía-Arcena mountain range | |
| Ukraine | Bondar marsh | |
| Ukraine | Forests in Dnipro and Desna valleys | |
| Ukraine | Polis'kyi Nature Reserve | |
| Ukraine | Syra Pogonya mire | |
Habitats & altitude
| Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Desert | Hot | suitable | non-breeding |
| Desert | Hot | suitable | breeding |
| Forest | Temperate | suitable | breeding |
| Forest | Temperate | suitable | non-breeding |
| Grassland | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | major | breeding |
| Grassland | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | major | non-breeding |
| Grassland | Temperate | major | non-breeding |
| Grassland | Temperate | major | breeding |
| Savanna | Dry | suitable | non-breeding |
| Savanna | Dry | suitable | breeding |
| Shrubland | Mediterranean-type Shrubby Vegetation | suitable | non-breeding |
| Shrubland | Mediterranean-type Shrubby Vegetation | suitable | breeding |
| Shrubland | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | suitable | non-breeding |
| Altitude | 0 - 2300 m | Occasional altitudinal limits |
Utilisation
| Purpose | Primary form used | Life stage used | Source | Scale | Level | Timing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pets | Whole | Adults and juveniles | Wild | Subsistence, National | Non-trivial | Recent |
| Pets | Whole | Adults and juveniles | Wild | International | Non-trivial | Recent |
| Sport | Whole | Adults and juveniles | Wild | Subsistence, National | Non-trivial | Recent |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2013) Species factsheet: Circaetus gallicus. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 22/05/2013.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2013) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 22/05/2013.
This information is based upon, and updates, the information published in BirdLife International (2000) Threatened birds of the world. Barcelona and Cambridge, UK: Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, BirdLife International (2004) Threatened birds of the world 2004 CD-ROM and BirdLife International (2008) Threatened birds of the world 2008 CD-ROM. These sources provide the information for species accounts for the birds on the IUCN Red List.
To provide new information to update this factsheet or to correct any errors, please email BirdLife
To contribute to discussions on the evaluation of the IUCN Red List status of Globally Threatened Birds, please visit BirdLife's Globally Threatened Bird Forums.
| Key facts | |
|---|---|
| Current IUCN Red List category | Least Concern |
| Family | Accipitridae (Osprey, kites, hawks and eagles) |
| Species name author | (Gmelin, 1788) |
| Population size | 51000-156000 mature individuals |
| Population trend | Stable |
| Distribution size (breeding/resident) | 6,880,000 km2 |
| Country endemic? | No |
| Links to further information | |
| - Summary information on this species | |
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