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Lesser Sand Plover Charadrius mongolus
IUCN Red List history
| Year | Category |
|---|---|
| 2012 | Least Concern |
| 2009 | Least Concern |
| 2008 | Least Concern |
| 2004 | Least Concern |
| 2000 | Lower Risk/Least Concern |
| 1994 | Lower Risk/Least Concern |
| 1988 | Lower Risk/Least Concern |
Species attributes
| Migratory status | full migrant | Forest dependency | Low |
| Land mass type | Average mass | - |
Distribution
| Estimate | Data quality | |
|---|---|---|
| Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) | 3,620,000 | medium |
| Extent of Occurrence non-breeding (km2) | 3,620,000 | medium |
| Number of locations | - | |
| Fragmentation | - |
Population & trend
| Estimate | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of mature individuals | poor | Estimated | 2009 | |
| Population trend | Unknown | - | ||
| Number of subpopulations | - | - | - | |
| Largest subpopulation | - | - | - | |
| Generation length (yrs) | 5.2 | - | - | - |
| Population justification: The global population is estimated to number c.310,000-390,000 individuals (Wetlands International 2006), while national population estimates include: c.1,000-10,000 individuals on migration and c.1,000-10,000 wintering individuals in China; c.50-1,000 wintering individuals and c.1,000-10,000 individuals on migration in Taiwan; c.1,000-10,000 individuals on migration and c.1,000-10,000 wintering individuals in Japan and c.10,000-100,000 breeding pairs and c.1,000-10,000 individuals on migration in Russia (Brazil 2009). | ||||
| Trend justification: The population trend is difficult to determine because of uncertainty over the impacts of habitat modification on population sizes. | ||||
Country/Territory distribution
| Country/Territory | Occurrence status | Extinct | Breeding | Non-breeding | Passage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Australia | Native | No | |||
| Bahrain | Native | No | Yes | Yes | |
| Bangladesh | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Bhutan | Vagrant | No | |||
| Brunei | Native | No | |||
| Burundi | Native | No | |||
| Cambodia | Native | No | |||
| Canada | Vagrant | No | |||
| China (mainland) | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Christmas Island (to Australia) | Native | No | |||
| Comoros | Vagrant | No | |||
| Congo, The Democratic Republic of the | Vagrant | No | |||
| Denmark | Vagrant | No | |||
| Djibouti | Native | No | |||
| Egypt | Native | No | |||
| Eritrea | Native | No | |||
| Fiji | Native | No | Yes | Yes | |
| France | Vagrant | No | |||
| Germany | Vagrant | No | |||
| Guam (to USA) | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Hong Kong (China) | Native | No | |||
| India | Native | No | |||
| Indonesia | Native | No | |||
| Iran, Islamic Republic of | Native | No | Yes | Yes | |
| Iraq | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Israel | Vagrant | No | |||
| Japan | Native | No | |||
| Kazakhstan | Vagrant | No | |||
| Kenya | Native | No | |||
| Kuwait | Native | No | Yes | Yes | |
| Kyrgyzstan | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Laos | Native | No | |||
| Libya | Native | No | |||
| Madagascar | Vagrant | No | |||
| Malaysia | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Maldives | Native | No | |||
| Marshall Islands | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Mauritius | Vagrant | No | |||
| Micronesia, Federated States of | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Mongolia | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Mozambique | Native | No | |||
| Myanmar | Native | No | |||
| Namibia | Vagrant | No | |||
| Nauru | Unknown | No | Yes | ||
| Nepal | Native | No | |||
| New Caledonia (to France) | Native | No | |||
| New Zealand | Native | No | |||
| North Korea | Native | No | |||
| Northern Mariana Islands (to USA) | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Norway | Vagrant | No | |||
| Oman | Native | No | Yes | Yes | |
| Pakistan | Native | No | |||
| Palau | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Papua New Guinea | Native | No | |||
| Philippines | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Poland | Vagrant | No | |||
| Qatar | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Russia (Asian) | Native | No | |||
| Rwanda | Vagrant | No | |||
| Saudi Arabia | Native | No | Yes | Yes | |
| Seychelles | Native | No | |||
| Singapore | Native | No | |||
| Solomon Islands | Native | No | |||
| Somalia | Native | No | |||
| South Africa | Native | No | |||
| South Korea | Native | No | |||
| South Sudan | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Spain | Vagrant | No | |||
| Sri Lanka | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Sudan | Native | No | |||
| Sweden | Vagrant | No | |||
| Syria | Vagrant | No | Yes | ||
| Taiwan (China) | Native | No | |||
| Tajikistan | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Tanzania | Native | No | |||
| Thailand | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Timor-Leste | Native | No | Yes | Yes | |
| United Arab Emirates | Native | No | Yes | Yes | |
| USA | Native | No | Yes | ||
| Uzbekistan | Native | No | |||
| Vanuatu | Vagrant | No | |||
| Vietnam | Native | No | |||
| Yemen | Native | No | Yes | Yes | |
| Zambia | Vagrant | No | |||
| Zimbabwe | Vagrant | No |
Important Bird Areas where this species has triggered the IBA criteria
| Country/Territory | IBA Name | IBA link |
|---|---|---|
| Australia | Great Sandy Strait |  |
| Australia | Gulf Plains | |
| Bahrain | Tubli Bay | |
| Bangladesh | Patenga Beach | |
| China (mainland) | Laizhou Wan | |
| China (mainland) | Ulungur Hu and Jili Hu (Fu Hai) | |
| China (mainland) | Yalu Jiang Estuary | |
| India | Kaliveli Tank and Yeduyanthittu estuary | |
| India | Mahul - Sewree Creek | |
| Indonesia | Pesisir Pantai Jambi | |
| Indonesia | Pesisir Riau Tenggara | |
| Kenya | Mida Creek, Whale Island and the Malindi - Watamu coast | |
| Kenya | Tana River Delta | |
| Kyrgyzstan | Lake Chatyr-Kul | |
| Malaysia | Bako-Buntal Bay | |
| Malaysia | North-central Selangor coast | |
| Mozambique | Bazaruto Archipelago | |
| Oman | Al Batinah coast | |
| Oman | Barr al Hikman | |
| Oman | Duqm | |
| Oman | Masirah island | |
| Oman | Ras al Hadd | |
| Philippines | Mactan, Kalawisan and Cansaga Bays | |
| Philippines | Manila Bay | |
| Russia (Asian) | Aniva bay | |
| Russia (Asian) | Nevskoye lake | |
| Russia (Asian) | North-east Sakhalin lagoons | |
| Russia (Asian) | Tyk and Viakhtu bays | |
| Saudi Arabia | Farasan Islands | |
| Saudi Arabia | Jizan Bay | |
| Saudi Arabia | Sabkhat al-Fasl lagoons | |
| Saudi Arabia | Tarut Bay | |
| South Korea | Dongjin estuary | |
| South Korea | Mangyeong estuary | |
| South Korea | Muan tidal flat | |
| South Korea | Namyang Bay | |
| South Korea | Tidal flat area of southern Ganghwa-do island | |
| South Korea | Tidal flat area of Yeongjong-do island | |
| Sri Lanka | Araly South-Punalai | |
| Sri Lanka | Kayts Island-Mandathive | |
| Sri Lanka | Seguwantive mudflats | |
| Tajikistan | Bulunkul and Yashilkul lakes and mountains | |
| Tajikistan | Karakul lake and mountains | |
| Tajikistan | Rangkul valley (Rangkul & Shorkul Lakes) | |
| Tajikistan | Zorkul Nature Reserve (Lake Victoria) | |
| Thailand | Inner Gulf of Thailand | |
| United Arab Emirates | Abu al Abyadh island | |
| United Arab Emirates | Khor al Beideh | |
| United Arab Emirates | Khor Dubai | |
| Vietnam | Nghia Hung | |
| Yemen | Aden | |
| Yemen | Midi - Al-Luhayyah | |
Habitats & altitude
| Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Arable Land | suitable | passage |
| Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Mangrove Vegetation Above High Tide Level | suitable | non-breeding |
| Grassland | Subarctic | suitable | breeding |
| Grassland | Subtropical/Tropical High Altitude | suitable | breeding |
| Marine Coastal/Supratidal | Coastal Sand Dunes | suitable | breeding |
| Marine Coastal/Supratidal | Coastal Sand Dunes | suitable | non-breeding |
| Marine Intertidal | Mud Flats and Salt Flats | major | non-breeding |
| Marine Intertidal | Rocky Shoreline | major | non-breeding |
| Marine Intertidal | Sandy Shoreline and/or Beaches, Sand Bars, Spits, Etc | major | non-breeding |
| Marine Intertidal | Shingle and/or Pebble Shoreline and/or Beaches | major | non-breeding |
| Marine Intertidal | Tidepools | major | non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Estuaries | suitable | non-breeding |
| Wetlands (inland) | Bogs, Marshes, Swamps, Fens, Peatlands | suitable | breeding |
| Wetlands (inland) | Permanent Freshwater Lakes (over 8ha) | suitable | passage |
| Wetlands (inland) | Tundra Wetlands (incl. pools and temporary waters from snowmelt) | suitable | breeding |
| Altitude | 0 - 0 m | Occasional altitudinal limits |
Threats & impact
| Threat (level 1) | Threat (level 2) | Impact and Stresses | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture & Aquaculture | Annual & perennial non-timber crops / Scale Unknown/Unrecorded | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Decline | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
| |||||||||
| Human intrusions & disturbance | Recreational activities | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
| |||||||||
| Natural system modifications | Other ecosystem modifications | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Decline | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
| |||||||||
Utilisation
| Purpose | Primary form used | Life stage used | Source | Scale | Level | Timing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Food (human) | Whole | Adults and juveniles | Wild | Subsistence, National | Non-trivial | Recent |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2013) Species factsheet: Charadrius mongolus. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 19/06/2013.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2013) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 19/06/2013.
This information is based upon, and updates, the information published in BirdLife International (2000) Threatened birds of the world. Barcelona and Cambridge, UK: Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, BirdLife International (2004) Threatened birds of the world 2004 CD-ROM and BirdLife International (2008) Threatened birds of the world 2008 CD-ROM. These sources provide the information for species accounts for the birds on the IUCN Red List.
To provide new information to update this factsheet or to correct any errors, please email BirdLife
To contribute to discussions on the evaluation of the IUCN Red List status of Globally Threatened Birds, please visit BirdLife's Globally Threatened Bird Forums.
| Key facts | |
|---|---|
| Current IUCN Red List category | Least Concern |
| Family | Charadriidae (Plovers) |
| Species name author | Pallas, 1776 |
| Population size | mature individuals |
| Population trend | Unknown |
| Distribution size (breeding/resident) | 3,620,000 km2 |
| Country endemic? | No |
| Links to further information | |
|
- Summary information on this species - Climate change species distributions | |
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