IUCN Red List history
| Year |
Category |
| 2012 |
Least Concern |
| 2009 |
Least Concern |
| 2008 |
Least Concern |
| 2004 |
Least Concern |
| 2000 |
Lower Risk/Least Concern |
| 1994 |
Lower Risk/Least Concern |
| 1988 |
Lower Risk/Least Concern |
Species attributes
| Migratory status |
not a migrant |
Forest dependency |
Does not normally occur in forest |
| Land mass type |
|
Average mass |
- |
Distribution
| |
Estimate |
Data quality |
| Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) |
4,440,000 |
medium |
| Number of locations |
|
- |
| Fragmentation |
|
- |
Population & trend
| |
Estimate |
Data quality |
Derivation |
Year of estimate |
| No. of mature individuals |
|
poor |
Estimated |
2009 |
| Population trend |
Decreasing |
|
|
- |
| Number of subpopulations |
|
- |
- |
- |
| Largest subpopulation |
|
- |
- |
- |
| Generation length (yrs) |
5.2 |
- |
- |
- |
|
Trend justification: The overall population trend is decreasing, although some populations have unknown trends (Wetlands International 2006). |
Country/Territory distribution
| Country/Territory |
Occurrence status |
Extinct |
Breeding |
Non-breeding |
Passage |
| Angola |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Benin |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Botswana |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Burkina Faso |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Burundi |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Cameroon |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Côte d'Ivoire |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Central African Republic |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Chad |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Comoros |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Congo |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Congo, The Democratic Republic of the |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Equatorial Guinea |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Eritrea |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Ethiopia |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Gabon |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Gambia |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Ghana |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Guinea |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Guinea-Bissau |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Kenya |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Liberia |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Madagascar |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Malawi |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Mali |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Mauritania |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Mozambique |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Namibia |
Native |
No |
Yes |
|
|
| Niger |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Nigeria |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Rwanda |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| São Tomé e Príncipe |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Senegal |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Sierra Leone |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Somalia |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| South Africa |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Swaziland |
Vagrant |
No |
|
Yes |
|
| Tanzania |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Togo |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Uganda |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Zambia |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
| Zimbabwe |
Native |
No |
|
|
|
Important Bird Areas where this species has triggered the IBA criteria
| Country/Territory |
IBA Name |
IBA link |
| Kenya |
Tana River Delta |
 |
| Namibia |
Sandwich Harbour |
|
| Namibia |
Walvis Bay |
|
| South Africa |
West Coast National Park and Saldanha Bay islands |
|
Habitats & altitude
| Habitat (level 1) |
Habitat (level 2) |
Importance |
Occurrence |
| Artificial/Aquatic & Marine |
Salt Exploitation Sites |
suitable |
resident |
| Marine Coastal/Supratidal |
Coastal Brackish/Saline Lagoons/Marine Lakes |
suitable |
resident |
| Marine Intertidal |
Mud Flats and Salt Flats |
suitable |
resident |
| Marine Intertidal |
Rocky Shoreline |
suitable |
resident |
| Marine Intertidal |
Sandy Shoreline and/or Beaches, Sand Bars, Spits, Etc |
major |
resident |
| Marine Intertidal |
Shingle and/or Pebble Shoreline and/or Beaches |
suitable |
resident |
| Marine Intertidal |
Tidepools |
suitable |
resident |
| Marine Neritic |
Estuaries |
suitable |
resident |
| Wetlands (inland) |
Permanent Freshwater Lakes (over 8ha) |
suitable |
resident |
| Wetlands (inland) |
Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls) |
suitable |
resident |
| Wetlands (inland) |
Permanent Saline, Brackish or Alkaline Lakes |
suitable |
resident |
|
Altitude
|
0 - 0 m
|
Occasional altitudinal limits
|
|
Threats & impact
| Threat (level 1) |
Threat (level 2) |
Impact and Stresses |
| Residential & commercial development |
Commercial & industrial areas |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Minority (<50%) |
Slow, Significant Decline |
Low Impact: 5 |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Species disturbance, Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
| Residential & commercial development |
Housing & urban areas |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Minority (<50%) |
Slow, Significant Decline |
Low Impact: 5 |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Species disturbance, Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
| Transportation & service corridors |
Roads & railroads |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Minority (<50%) |
Negligible declines |
Low Impact: 4 |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
| Human intrusions & disturbance |
Recreational activities |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Minority (<50%) |
Slow, Significant Decline |
Low Impact: 5 |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Species disturbance, Reduced reproductive success |
|
| Natural system modifications |
Dams & water management/use / Abstraction of ground water (unknown use) |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Minority (<50%) |
Negligible declines |
Low Impact: 4 |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
| Natural system modifications |
Dams & water management/use / Dams (size unknown) |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Minority (<50%) |
Negligible declines |
Low Impact: 4 |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Species disturbance, Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
| Natural system modifications |
Other ecosystem modifications |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Minority (<50%) |
Slow, Significant Decline |
Low Impact: 5 |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion |
|
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2013) Species factsheet: Charadrius marginatus. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 25/05/2013.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2013) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 25/05/2013.
This information is based upon, and updates, the information published in BirdLife International (2000)
Threatened birds of the world. Barcelona and Cambridge, UK: Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, BirdLife International (2004)
Threatened birds of the world 2004 CD-ROM and BirdLife International (2008) Threatened birds of the world 2008 CD-ROM. These sources provide the information for species accounts for the birds on the IUCN Red List.
To provide new information to update this factsheet or to correct any errors, please email BirdLife
To contribute to discussions on the evaluation of the IUCN Red List status of Globally Threatened Birds, please visit BirdLife's Globally Threatened Bird Forums.
email a friend
printable version
close