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Wood Sandpiper Tringa glareola

IUCN Red List history

Year Category
2012 Least Concern
2009 Least Concern
2008 Least Concern
2004 Least Concern
2000 Lower Risk/Least Concern
1994 Lower Risk/Least Concern
1988 Lower Risk/Least Concern

Species attributes

Migratory status full migrant Forest dependency Low
Land mass type   Average mass -

Distribution

  Estimate Data quality
Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) 15,500,000 medium
Extent of Occurrence non-breeding (km2) 29,600,000 medium
Number of locations -
Fragmentation -

Population & trend

  Estimate Data quality Derivation Year of estimate
No. of mature individuals poor Estimated 2009
Population trend Stable -
Number of subpopulations - - -
Largest subpopulation - - -
Generation length (yrs) 5.2 - - -
Population justification: The global population is estimated to number c.3,100,000-3,600,000 individuals (Wetlands International, 2006), while national population estimates include: c.100,000-1 million breeding pairs, >c.10,000 individuals on migration and c.50-1,000 wintering individuals in China; c.1,000-10,000 individuals on migration and c.1,000-10,000 wintering individuals in Taiwan; c.1,000-10,000 individuals on migration and c.50-1,000 wintering individuals in Japan and c.10,000-1 million breeding pairs and >c.1,000 individuals on migration in Russia (Brazil 2009).
Trend justification: The overall population trend is stable, although some populations have unknown trends (Wetlands International 2006).

Country/Territory distribution

Country/Territory Occurrence status Extinct Breeding Non-breeding Passage
Afghanistan Native No     Yes
Albania Native No      
Algeria Native No      
Angola Native No      
Antigua and Barbuda Vagrant No      
Armenia Native No      
Australia Native No      
Austria Native No      
Azerbaijan Native No      
Bahrain Native No   Yes Yes
Bangladesh Native No      
Barbados Vagrant No      
Belarus Native No Yes    
Belgium Native No      
Benin Native No      
Bermuda (to UK) Vagrant No     Yes
Bhutan Native No      
Bosnia and Herzegovina Native No      
Botswana Native No      
British Indian Ocean Territory Native No      
Brunei Native No      
Bulgaria Native No      
Burkina Faso Native No      
Burundi Native No      
Cambodia Native No      
Cameroon Native No      
Canada Native No      
Cape Verde Native No      
Côte d'Ivoire Native No      
Central African Republic Native No      
Chad Native No      
China (mainland) Native No      
Christmas Island (to Australia) Native No      
Comoros Vagrant No      
Congo Native No      
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the Native No      
Costa Rica Vagrant No   Yes  
Croatia Native No     Yes
Cyprus Native No     Yes
Czech Republic Native No      
Denmark Native No Yes   Yes
Djibouti Native No      
Dominica Vagrant No      
Ecuador Vagrant No      
Egypt Native No      
Equatorial Guinea Native No      
Eritrea Native No      
Estonia Native No Yes   Yes
Ethiopia Native No      
Faroe Islands (to Denmark) Vagrant No      
Finland Native No Yes   Yes
France Native No   Yes Yes
Gabon Native No      
Gambia Native No      
Georgia Native No      
Germany Native No Yes   Yes
Ghana Native No      
Greece Native No     Yes
Guadeloupe (to France) Vagrant No      
Guam (to USA) Native No   Yes  
Guatemala Vagrant No      
Guinea Native No      
Guinea-Bissau Native No      
Honduras Vagrant No      
Hong Kong (China) Native No      
Hungary Native No      
Iceland Native No Yes    
India Native No      
Indonesia Native No      
Iran, Islamic Republic of Native No   Yes Yes
Iraq Native No   Yes Yes
Ireland Native No   Yes  
Israel Native No      
Italy Native No     Yes
Japan Native No      
Jordan Native No     Yes
Kazakhstan Native No      
Kenya Native No      
Kuwait Native No   Yes Yes
Kyrgyzstan Native No      
Laos Native No      
Latvia Native No Yes   Yes
Lebanon Native No     Yes
Lesotho Native No      
Liberia Native No      
Libya Native No      
Liechtenstein Vagrant No      
Lithuania Native No Yes    
Luxembourg Native No      
Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of Native No      
Madagascar Native No      
Malawi Native No      
Malaysia Native No      
Maldives Native No      
Mali Native No      
Malta Native No      
Marshall Islands Native No   Yes  
Martinique (to France) Vagrant No      
Mauritania Native No      
Mauritius Vagrant No      
Micronesia, Federated States of Native No   Yes  
Moldova Native No      
Mongolia Native No Yes    
Montenegro Native No      
Montserrat (to UK) Vagrant No      
Morocco Native No      
Mozambique Native No      
Myanmar Native No      
Namibia Native No      
Nepal Native No      
Nicaragua Vagrant No      
Niger Native No      
Nigeria Native No      
North Korea Native No      
Northern Mariana Islands (to USA) Native No   Yes  
Norway Native No Yes   Yes
Oman Native No   Yes Yes
Pakistan Native No      
Palau Native No   Yes  
Palestinian Authority Territories Native No     Yes
Papua New Guinea Native No      
Philippines Native No      
Poland Native No Yes   Yes
Portugal Native No   Yes  
Qatar Native No   Yes Yes
Romania Native No     Yes
Russia (Asian) Native No Yes    
Russia (Central Asian) Native No Yes   Yes
Russia (European) Native No      
Rwanda Native No      
Saudi Arabia Native No   Yes Yes
São Tomé e Príncipe Native No      
Senegal Native No      
Serbia Native No      
Seychelles Native No      
Sierra Leone Native No      
Singapore Native No      
Slovakia Native No      
Slovenia Native No     Yes
Somalia Native No      
South Africa Native No      
South Korea Native No      
South Sudan Native No   Yes  
Spain Native No   Yes  
Sri Lanka Native No      
St Kitts and Nevis Vagrant No      
St Lucia Vagrant No      
St Vincent and the Grenadines Vagrant No      
Sudan Native No      
Swaziland Native No      
Sweden Native No Yes   Yes
Switzerland Native No      
Syria Native No     Yes
Taiwan (China) Native No      
Tajikistan Native No      
Tanzania Native No      
Thailand Native No      
Timor-Leste Native No   Yes Yes
Togo Native No      
Trinidad and Tobago Vagrant No      
Tunisia Native No      
Turkey Native No   Yes  
Turkmenistan Native No Yes    
Uganda Native No      
Ukraine Native No Yes   Yes
United Arab Emirates Native No   Yes Yes
United Kingdom Native No Yes    
USA Native No Yes    
Uzbekistan Native No      
Vietnam Native No      
Western Sahara Native No      
Yemen Native No   Yes Yes
Zambia Native No      
Zimbabwe Native No      

Important Bird Areas where this species has triggered the IBA criteria

Country/Territory IBA Name IBA link
Denmark Ålvand Klithede and Førby Sø site factsheet
Denmark Borris Hede site factsheet
Denmark Hanstholm Reservation site factsheet
Denmark Kongens Mose and Draved Skov site factsheet
Estonia Marimetsa-Õmma site factsheet
Estonia Nätsi-Võlla site factsheet
Estonia Sirtsi site factsheet
Estonia Soomaa site factsheet
Estonia Tuhu-Kesu site factsheet
Finland Kemihaara (Vuotos) mires and forests site factsheet
Finland Kevo site factsheet
Finland Kilsiaapa-Ristivuoma site factsheet
Finland Lämsänaapa-Sakkala-aapa site factsheet
Finland Lätäseno and Jietajoki mires site factsheet
Finland Lemmenjoki-Hammastunturi-Pulju site factsheet
Finland Litokaira site factsheet
Finland Martimoaapa-Lumiaapa-Penikat site factsheet
Finland Närängänvaara-Virmajoki-Romevaara site factsheet
Finland Olvassuo-Oravisuo-Näätäsuo-Sammakkosuo site factsheet
Finland Oulanka-Sukerijärvi site factsheet
Finland Oulu region wetlands site factsheet
Finland Pallas and Ylläs fjelds site factsheet
Finland Pöyrisvuoma mire protection area site factsheet
Finland Pomokaira-Koitelaiskaira site factsheet
Finland Runkaus-Saariaapa-Tainijärvet site factsheet
Finland Saariselkä and Koilliskaira site factsheet
Finland Syöte-Salmitunturi site factsheet
Finland Veittiaapa-Ristiaapa site factsheet
Greece Divari Pilou lagoon (Gialova) site factsheet
Lithuania Aukstasis Tyras Telmological Reserve site factsheet
Lithuania Cepkeliai Strict Nature Reserve site factsheet
Lithuania Kamanos Strict NR site factsheet
Lithuania Labanoras Regional Park site factsheet
Lithuania Musos tyrelis raised bog with surrounding forest site factsheet
Lithuania Reiskiai Telmological Reserve site factsheet
Lithuania Zuvintas Biosphere Reserve site factsheet
Romania Buhuşu reservoir - Bacău - Tătărăşti site factsheet
Romania Câmpia Crişurilor site factsheet
Romania Cefa fish-ponds and Radvani wood site factsheet
Romania Confluenţa Jiu - Dunăre site factsheet
Romania Dealurile Homoroadelor site factsheet
Romania Iazurile de pe Văile Ibănesei - Başeului - Podrigăi site factsheet
Romania Lacurile Fălticeni site factsheet
Romania Maglavit site factsheet
Romania Miheşu de Câmpie-Taureni fish-ponds site factsheet
Romania Suhaia site factsheet
Russia (Asian) Forty islands site factsheet
Russia (Central Asian) Basins of the Schuchya and Khadytayakha rivers site factsheet
Russia (Central Asian) Lower Ob' site factsheet
Russia (European) Koporski Bay site factsheet
Russia (European) Lapland Biosphere Reserve site factsheet
Slovenia Lake Cerknica site factsheet
Slovenia River Drava site factsheet
South Korea Cheonsu Bay site factsheet
Sweden Dumme mosse site factsheet
Sweden Färnebofjärden site factsheet
Sweden Florarna site factsheet
Sweden Komosse site factsheet
Sweden Lake Gammelstadsviken site factsheet
Sweden Lake Tjålmejaure-Laisdalen valley site factsheet
Sweden Middagsfjället - Dörrshöjden site factsheet
Sweden Påkketan site factsheet
Sweden River Umeälven delta site factsheet
Sweden Stornäset - Hörningsholm site factsheet
Sweden Taavavuoma site factsheet
Uganda Doho Rice Scheme site factsheet
United Kingdom Achanalt Marshes site factsheet
United Kingdom Caithness and Sutherland Peatlands site factsheet
United Kingdom Grampian Mountains site factsheet

Habitats & altitude

Habitat (level 1) Habitat (level 2) Importance Occurrence
Artificial/Aquatic & Marine Irrigated Land (includes irrigation channels) suitable non-breeding
Artificial/Aquatic & Marine Seasonally Flooded Agricultural Land suitable non-breeding
Artificial/Aquatic & Marine Wastewater Treatment Areas suitable non-breeding
Artificial/Aquatic & Marine Water Storage Areas (over 8ha) suitable non-breeding
Forest Boreal suitable breeding
Grassland Subtropical/Tropical Seasonally Wet/Flooded suitable non-breeding
Shrubland Subarctic suitable breeding
Wetlands (inland) Bogs, Marshes, Swamps, Fens, Peatlands suitable non-breeding
Wetlands (inland) Bogs, Marshes, Swamps, Fens, Peatlands suitable breeding
Wetlands (inland) Permanent Freshwater Lakes (over 8ha) suitable non-breeding
Wetlands (inland) Permanent Freshwater Marshes/Pools (under 8ha) suitable non-breeding
Wetlands (inland) Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls) suitable non-breeding
Altitude 0 - 0 m Occasional altitudinal limits  

Threats & impact

Threat (level 1) Threat (level 2) Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & Aquaculture Annual & perennial non-timber crops / Scale Unknown/Unrecorded Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Minority (<50%) Slow, Significant Decline Low Impact: 5
Stresses
Species disturbance, Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & Aquaculture Annual & perennial non-timber crops / Scale Unknown/Unrecorded Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Minority (<50%) Slow, Significant Decline Low Impact: 5
Stresses
Species disturbance, Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals / Intentional use (species is the target) Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Minority (<50%) Slow, Significant Decline Low Impact: 5
Stresses
Species mortality
Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases / Avian Botulism (Clostridium botulinum) Timing Scope Severity Impact
Future Minority (<50%) Rapid Declines Low Impact: 4
Stresses
Species mortality
Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases / Avian Malaria (Plasmodium relictum) Timing Scope Severity Impact
Future Minority (<50%) Rapid Declines Low Impact: 4
Stresses
Species mortality
Climate change & severe weather Habitat shifting & alteration Timing Scope Severity Impact
Future Whole (>90%) Unknown Unknown
Stresses
Indirect ecosystem effects, Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Climate change & severe weather Other impacts Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Minority (<50%) Slow, Significant Decline Low Impact: 5
Stresses
Indirect ecosystem effects, Species mortality

Utilisation

Purpose Primary form used Life stage used Source Scale Level Timing
Food (human) Whole Adults and juveniles Wild Subsistence, National Non-trivial Recent
Pets Whole Adults and juveniles Wild International Non-trivial Recent
Sport Whole Adults and juveniles Wild Subsistence, National Non-trivial Recent

Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2013) Species factsheet: Tringa glareola. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 20/06/2013. Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2013) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 20/06/2013.

This information is based upon, and updates, the information published in BirdLife International (2000) Threatened birds of the world. Barcelona and Cambridge, UK: Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, BirdLife International (2004) Threatened birds of the world 2004 CD-ROM and BirdLife International (2008) Threatened birds of the world 2008 CD-ROM. These sources provide the information for species accounts for the birds on the IUCN Red List.

To provide new information to update this factsheet or to correct any errors, please email BirdLife

To contribute to discussions on the evaluation of the IUCN Red List status of Globally Threatened Birds, please visit BirdLife's Globally Threatened Bird Forums.

Key facts
Current IUCN Red List category Least Concern
Family Scolopacidae (Sandpipers and allies)
Species name author Linnaeus, 1758
Population size mature individuals
Population trend Stable
Distribution size (breeding/resident) 15,500,000 km2
Country endemic? No
Links to further information
- Summary information on this species