IUCN Red List Criteria
| Critically Endangered |
|
| Endangered |
A4bc;B2ab(iii,v) |
| Vulnerable |
A4bc;B2ab(iii,v);D2 |
IUCN Red List history
| Year |
Category |
| 2012 |
Endangered |
| 2010 |
Endangered |
| 2008 |
Endangered |
| 2007 |
Endangered |
| 2005 |
Endangered |
| 2004 |
Endangered |
| 2003 |
Endangered |
| 2000 |
Endangered |
| 1994 |
Not Recognised |
| 1988 |
Not Recognised |
Species attributes
| Migratory status |
full migrant |
Forest dependency |
Does not normally occur in forest |
| Land mass type |
|
Average mass |
- |
Population & trend
| |
Estimate |
Data quality |
Derivation |
Year of estimate |
| No. of mature individuals |
17000 |
medium |
Estimated |
1991 |
| Population trend |
Decreasing |
medium |
|
- |
| Number of subpopulations |
3 |
- |
- |
- |
| Largest subpopulation |
17000 |
- |
- |
- |
| Generation length (yrs) |
27 |
- |
- |
- |
|
Population justification: The largest population (99%) is on the Chatham Islands, with 1% of the population on Taiaroa Head, on the mainland of South Island, New Zealand. There has not been a successful run of annual photographs over the past 8 years to enable updated estimates of the breeding population of this biennial breeder (C. J. R. Robertson in litt. 2008). However, air photographic counts on the Chatham Islands in the 1970s (1972-1975)and 1990s (1989-1991) recorded a total of 6,500-7,000 total breeding pairs. The number of pairs breeding each year was estimated as 5,200 pairs, based on a count in 1995. This is equivalent to a total population of 17,000 mature individuals. A count in 2002 recorded 5,800 pairs on the Chatham Islands (counted at the end of egg laying), with a probable 1700 pairs on sabbatical after breeding in the previous season (C. J. R. Robertson in litt. 2008). However, since the estimate of 17,000 mature individuals is based on data from multiple years, this is the estimate used here. It roughly equates to 25,000-26,000 individuals in total. Around.25 pairs breed each year at Taiaroa Head, including five hybrids (descended from cross with female Southern Royal Albatross D. epomophora). Two individuals of D. sanfordi, both breeding with D. epomophora partners have been recorded on Enderby Island. |
Trend justification: Low annual productivity produces a projected population decline in this species. More recent data, from 1995 and 2003, point to a possible recent increase in population, but methods are not sufficiently comparable for any meaningful interpretation regarding population trends, and a very rapid ongoing population decline is precautionarily retained here.
|
Country/Territory distribution
| Country/Territory |
Occurrence status |
Extinct |
Breeding |
Non-breeding |
Passage |
| Antarctica |
Unknown |
No |
|
|
|
| Argentina |
Native |
No |
|
Yes |
Yes |
| Australia |
Native |
No |
|
Yes |
Yes |
| Bouvet Island (to Norway) |
Unknown |
No |
|
|
|
| Brazil |
Native |
No |
|
Yes |
Yes |
| Chile |
Native |
No |
|
Yes |
Yes |
| Falkland Islands (Malvinas) |
Native |
No |
|
Yes |
Yes |
| French Southern Territories |
Native |
No |
|
Yes |
Yes |
| Heard Island and McDonald Islands (to Australia) |
Native |
No |
|
Yes |
|
| New Zealand |
Native |
No |
Yes |
|
|
| South Africa |
Native |
No |
|
Yes |
Yes |
| South Georgia & the South Sandwich Islands |
Native |
No |
|
Yes |
Yes |
| St Helena (to UK) |
Native |
No |
|
Yes |
|
| Uruguay |
Native |
No |
|
Yes |
|
Important Bird Areas where this species has triggered the IBA criteria
| Country/Territory |
IBA Name |
IBA link |
| New Zealand |
Chatham Islands (The Forty-Fours) |
 |
| Uruguay |
Atlantic Ocean and Rio de la Plata mouth |
|
Habitats & altitude
| Habitat (level 1) |
Habitat (level 2) |
Importance |
Occurrence |
| Grassland |
Subantarctic |
major |
breeding |
| Marine Neritic |
Macroalgal/Kelp |
suitable |
breeding |
| Marine Neritic |
Macroalgal/Kelp |
suitable |
non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic |
Pelagic |
major |
non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic |
Pelagic |
major |
breeding |
| Marine Neritic |
Seagrass (Submerged) |
suitable |
non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic |
Seagrass (Submerged) |
suitable |
breeding |
| Marine Neritic |
Subtidal Loose Rock/pebble/gravel |
suitable |
non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic |
Subtidal Loose Rock/pebble/gravel |
suitable |
breeding |
| Marine Neritic |
Subtidal Rock and Rocky Reefs |
suitable |
breeding |
| Marine Neritic |
Subtidal Rock and Rocky Reefs |
suitable |
non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic |
Subtidal Sandy |
suitable |
non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic |
Subtidal Sandy |
suitable |
breeding |
| Marine Neritic |
Subtidal Sandy-Mud |
suitable |
non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic |
Subtidal Sandy-Mud |
suitable |
breeding |
| Marine Oceanic |
Epipelagic (0-200m) |
major |
breeding |
| Marine Oceanic |
Epipelagic (0-200m) |
major |
non-breeding |
|
Altitude
|
0 - 0 m
|
Occasional altitudinal limits
|
|
Threats & impact
| Threat (level 1) |
Threat (level 2) |
Impact and Stresses |
| Biological resource use |
Fishing & harvesting aquatic resources / Unintentional effects: (large scale) |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Majority (50-90%) |
Slow, Significant Decline |
Medium Impact: |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Species mortality |
|
| Biological resource use |
Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals / Intentional use (species is the target) |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Majority (50-90%) |
Negligible declines |
Low Impact: 5 |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Reduced reproductive success |
|
| Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases |
Problematic native species/diseases / Stoat (Mustela erminea) |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Minority (<50%) |
Negligible declines |
Low Impact: 4 |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Reduced reproductive success, Species mortality |
|
| Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases |
Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases / Common Greenbottle Fly (Lucilia sericata) |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Minority (<50%) |
Slow, Significant Decline |
Low Impact: 5 |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Reduced reproductive success |
|
| Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases |
Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases / Domestic Cat (Felis catus) |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Ongoing |
Minority (<50%) |
Negligible declines |
Low Impact: 4 |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Species mortality |
|
| Climate change & severe weather |
Storms & flooding |
Timing |
Scope |
Severity |
Impact |
| Past, Likely to Return |
Majority (50-90%) |
Rapid Declines |
Past Impact |
| Stresses |
|---|
| Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion, Reduced reproductive success |
|
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2013) Species factsheet: Diomedea sanfordi. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 25/05/2013.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2013) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 25/05/2013.
This information is based upon, and updates, the information published in BirdLife International (2000)
Threatened birds of the world. Barcelona and Cambridge, UK: Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, BirdLife International (2004)
Threatened birds of the world 2004 CD-ROM and BirdLife International (2008) Threatened birds of the world 2008 CD-ROM. These sources provide the information for species accounts for the birds on the IUCN Red List.
To provide new information to update this factsheet or to correct any errors, please email BirdLife
To contribute to discussions on the evaluation of the IUCN Red List status of Globally Threatened Birds, please visit BirdLife's Globally Threatened Bird Forums.
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