Common Crane (Grus grus) - BirdLife species factsheet

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Common Crane Grus grus

IUCN Red List history

Year	Category
2012	Least Concern
2009	Least Concern
2008	Least Concern
2004	Least Concern
2000	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1994	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1988	Lower Risk/Least Concern

Species attributes

Migratory status	full migrant	Forest dependency	Does not normally occur in forest
Land mass type		Average mass	-

Distribution

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km²)	5,420,000	medium
Extent of Occurrence non-breeding (km²)	5,420,000	medium
Number of locations		-
Fragmentation		-

Population & trend

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
No. of mature individuals		poor	Estimated	2009
Population trend	Unknown			-
Number of subpopulations		-	-	-
Largest subpopulation		-	-	-
Generation length (yrs)	13.4	-	-	-
Population justification: The global population is estimated to number c.360,000-370,000 individuals (Wetlands International 2006), while national population estimates include: c.100-10,000 breeding pairs and c.50-1,000 individuals on migration in China; < c.50 individuals on migration and < c.50 wintering individuals in Korea and c.100-10,000 breeding pairs and c.50-1,000 individuals on migration in Russia (Brazil 2009).
Trend justification: The overall population trend is uncertain, as some populations are decreasing, while others are increasing, stable or have unknown trends (Wetlands International 2006).

Country/Territory distribution

Country/Territory	Occurrence status	Extinct	Breeding	Non-breeding	Passage
Afghanistan	Native	No			Yes
Albania	Native	No
Algeria	Native	No
Armenia	Native	No	Yes		Yes
Austria	Native	Yes	Yes
Azerbaijan	Native	No			Yes
Bahrain	Native	No			Yes
Bangladesh	Native	No
Belarus	Native	No	Yes		Yes
Belgium	Native	No			Yes
Bhutan	Native	No
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Native	No
Bulgaria	Native	No		Yes	Yes
Cambodia	Native	No
Canada	Native	No
China (mainland)	Native	No
Croatia	Native	No		Yes	Yes
Cyprus	Native	No			Yes
Czech Republic	Native	No	Yes
Denmark	Native	No	Yes		Yes
Djibouti	Vagrant	No
Egypt	Native	No
Eritrea	Native	No
Estonia	Native	No	Yes		Yes
Ethiopia	Native	No
Faroe Islands (to Denmark)	Vagrant	No
Finland	Native	No	Yes		Yes
France	Native	No			Yes
Georgia	Native	No	Yes		Yes
Germany	Native	No	Yes		Yes
Gibraltar (to UK)	Vagrant	No
Greece	Native	No		Yes	Yes
Hong Kong (China)	Vagrant	No
Hungary	Native	No		Yes	Yes
Iceland	Vagrant	No
India	Native	No
Iran, Islamic Republic of	Native	No		Yes
Iraq	Native	No		Yes
Ireland	Vagrant	No
Israel	Native	No		Yes	Yes
Italy	Native	No		Yes	Yes
Japan	Native	No
Jordan	Native	No		Yes	Yes
Kazakhstan	Native	No	Yes
Kuwait	Vagrant	No		Yes
Kyrgyzstan	Native	No			Yes
Laos	Native	No
Latvia	Native	No	Yes		Yes
Lebanon	Native	No			Yes
Libya	Native	No
Liechtenstein	Vagrant	No
Lithuania	Native	No			Yes
Luxembourg	Native	No		Yes	Yes
Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of	Native	No		Yes
Malta	Native	No
Mauritania	Vagrant	No
Mongolia	Native	No	Yes
Montenegro	Native	No			Yes
Morocco	Native	No
Myanmar	Native	No		Yes
Nepal	Native	No
Netherlands	Native	No			Yes
Niger	Vagrant	No
Nigeria	Vagrant	No
North Korea	Native	No
Norway	Native	No	Yes
Oman	Native	No		Yes	Yes
Pakistan	Native	No
Palestinian Authority Territories	Native	No			Yes
Poland	Native	No			Yes
Portugal	Native	No		Yes
Qatar	Vagrant	No
Romania	Native	No			Yes
Russia (Asian)	Native	No	Yes
Russia (Central Asian)	Native	No	Yes		Yes
Russia (European)	Native	No	Yes		Yes
Saudi Arabia	Native	No			Yes
Serbia	Native	No			Yes
Slovakia	Native	No		Yes
Slovenia	Native	No
South Korea	Native	No
Spain	Native	No		Yes	Yes
Sudan	Native	No		Yes
Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands (to Norway)	Vagrant	No
Sweden	Native	No	Yes		Yes
Switzerland	Native	No
Syria	Native	No		Yes	Yes
Tajikistan	Native	No
Tunisia	Native	No		Yes
Turkey	Native	No			Yes
Turkmenistan	Native	No
Ukraine	Native	No			Yes
United Arab Emirates	Vagrant	No		Yes
United Kingdom	Native	No
USA	Native	No
Uzbekistan	Native	No
Vietnam	Native	No
Yemen	Native	No		Yes

Important Bird Areas where this species has triggered the IBA criteria

Country/Territory	IBA Name	IBA link
Afghanistan	Salang Kotal
Algeria	Dayette Morsli - Plaine de Remila (Dayet El Ferd)
Armenia	Tashir
Belarus	Al'manskija baloty
Belarus	Balota Jel'nia
Belarus	Balota Zvaniec
Belarus	Biarezinski zapaviednik
Belarus	Cikiny astravy
Belarus	Lelchitsy-Ubort
Belarus	Voronichskiy ostrov
Belarus	Vyhanaščanskija baloty
Belgium	Hautes Fagnes/Eifel
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Livno karst field
China (mainland)	Altay forest and steppe
China (mainland)	Ayding Kol
China (mainland)	Bayanbulak and Kaidu River Valley
China (mainland)	Dongting Hu wetlands
China (mainland)	Heyang Huang He Wetlands Nature Reserve
China (mainland)	Hongjian Nur
China (mainland)	Kaifeng Liuyuankou Nature Reserve
China (mainland)	Mengjin Huanghe Nature Reserve
China (mainland)	Wafangdian Fuzhou Wan
China (mainland)	Weinan Sanhe wetlands
China (mainland)	Yellow River Delta Nature Reserve
China (mainland)	Yuncheng Wetland Nature Reserve
China (mainland)	Zhengzhou Huanghe Wetland Nature Reserve
Cyprus	Akrotiri Peninsula - Episkopi Cliffs
Cyprus	Larnaca salt-lakes
Czech Republic	Ceskolipsko - Dokeské pískovce sandstones and wetlands
Czech Republic	Rozdalovické rybníky ponds
Estonia	Kahtla-Kübassaare
Estonia	Kasti bay
Estonia	Küdema bay
Estonia	Lahemaa
Estonia	Meelva bog
Estonia	Meenikunno bog
Estonia	Mullutu
Estonia	Ohepalu
Estonia	Põhja-Liivimaa
Estonia	Soomaa
Estonia	Väinameri
Estonia	Vilsandi archipelago
Ethiopia	Akaki - Aba-Samuel wetlands
Ethiopia	Chelekleka lake and swamp
Ethiopia	Koka dam and Lake Gelila
Finland	Kemihaara (Vuotos) mires and forests
Finland	Lemmenjoki-Hammastunturi-Pulju
Finland	Litokaira
Finland	Luoto archipelago
Finland	Olvassuo-Oravisuo-Näätäsuo-Sammakkosuo
Finland	Oulu region wetlands
Finland	Patvinsuo National Park
Finland	Pomokaira-Koitelaiskaira
Finland	Pori archipelago and wetlands
Finland	Runkaus-Saariaapa-Tainijärvet
Finland	Ruunaa
Finland	Saariselkä and Koilliskaira
Finland	Siikalahti bay and Sammallampi lake
Finland	Sundominlahti Bay and Söderfjärden
Finland	Torronsuo and Lake Talpianjärvi
Finland	Viklinrimpi
France	Arjuzanx
France	Brenne centrale
France	Côte Médocaine: dunes boisées et dépressions humides
France	Champ de Tir du Poteau
France	Col de l'Escrinet
France	Col de Lizarrieta
France	Estuaire de la Bidassoa et Baie de Fontarabie
France	Etang des Landes
France	Etangs de la Woëvre: la Chaussée
France	Lac du Der-Chantecoq et étangs latéraux
France	Lacs de la Forêt d'Orient
France	Montagne de la Serre
France	Plateaux de Millevaches et de Gentioux
France	Sologne Bourbonnaise
France	Val d'Allier : Saint-Yorre-Joze
France	Val d'Allier Bourbonnais
France	Val de Chiers et environs de Spincourt
France	Vallée de la Nive des Aldudes-Col de Lindux
Germany	Luchgebiet Spaatz-Hohennauen-Witzke
Hungary	Bihar Plain
Hungary	Hódmezővásárhely Pusztas
Hungary	Hortobágy and Tisza-to
Hungary	Lower Tisza Valley
India	Banni Grassland and Chhari Dhand
India	Wild Ass Wildlife Sanctuary
Iran, Islamic Republic of	Arjan Protected Area
Iran, Islamic Republic of	Dez dam
Iran, Islamic Republic of	Harm lake
Iran, Islamic Republic of	Horeh Bamdej
Iran, Islamic Republic of	Izeh and Sheikho lakes
Iran, Islamic Republic of	Kaftar lake
Iran, Islamic Republic of	Karun river marshes
Iran, Islamic Republic of	Lake Bakhtegan, Lake Tashk and Kamjan marshes
Iran, Islamic Republic of	Lake Maharlu
Iran, Islamic Republic of	South end of the Hamoun-i Puzak
Iraq	Haur Al Sa'adiyah
Israel	Cliffs of Zin and the Negev highlands
Israel	Hefer valley
Israel	Jezre'el, Harod and Bet She'an valleys
Israel	Judean desert
Israel	Judean foothills
Israel	Northern Arava valley
Israel	Southern Arava valley and Elat mountains
Israel	Western Negev
Jordan	Azraq
Jordan	Shaumari
Kazakhstan	Korgalzhyn State Nature Reserve
Lithuania	Baldieriskis forest
Lithuania	Birzai forest
Lithuania	Buda-Pravieniskes forest complex
Lithuania	Cepkeliai Strict Nature Reserve
Lithuania	Exploited Sulinkiai peatbog
Lithuania	Gruzai, Uzulenis, Taujenai, Skaistuziai and neighbouring forests complex
Lithuania	Labanoras Regional Park
Lithuania	Musos tyrelis raised bog with surrounding forest
Lithuania	Novaraistis State Ornithological Reserve
Lithuania	Pravirsulio Tyrelis State Nature Reserve
Lithuania	Rudninkai forest complex
Lithuania	The part of the Grazute RP
Lithuania	Tyruliai State Nature Reserve
Lithuania	Viesvile Strict Nature Reserve
Lithuania	Zalioji & Gitenai forests complex
Lithuania	Zuvintas Biosphere Reserve
Luxembourg	Aspelt - Lannebur, am Kessel
Mongolia	Airkhan Lake
Mongolia	Baga and Bayan Lakes
Mongolia	Dashinchilen Bayan Lake
Mongolia	Khar Lake
Mongolia	Khar Us Lake
Mongolia	Mongol Daguur
Mongolia	Ogii Lake
Mongolia	Onon-Balj
Mongolia	Teshigiin Olon Lakes
Mongolia	Uvs Lake
Mongolia	Valleys of Khurkh-Khuiten Rivers
Morocco	Barrage Idriss Premier
Myanmar	Ayeyarwaddy River: Myitkyina to Sinbo Section
Myanmar	Mahanandar Kan
Myanmar	Myitkyina-Nandebad-Talawagyi
Myanmar	Yemyet Inn
Netherlands	Engbertsdijksvenen
Netherlands	Mariapeel and Deurnesepeel
Netherlands	Strabrechtse Heide and Beuven
Pakistan	Rann of Kutch Wildlife Sanctuary
Palestinian Authority Territories	Jerusalem wilderness
Poland	Augustów forest
Poland	Barlinek Forest
Poland	Barycz river valley
Poland	Biebrza river valley
Poland	Bielawa Swamps
Poland	Bubnow Marsh
Poland	Cedynia Site
Poland	Dobskie Lake
Poland	Drawa River Site
Poland	Dymerskie meadows
Poland	Elblag Height
Poland	Forest at Drawa River
Poland	Goplo Lake Site
Poland	Insko Site
Poland	Lower Odra river valley
Poland	Lower Silesia Forests
Poland	Middle Notec River Valley
Poland	Miedwie site
Poland	Napiwodzko-Ramucka forest
Poland	Nietlice marshes
Poland	Notec Forest
Poland	Orzysz Military Area
Poland	Pisz forest
Poland	Polesie
Poland	Rakutowskie swamps
Poland	Satopy-Samulewo Site
Poland	Siemianowka Reseirvoir
Poland	Skaliskie Forest
Poland	Slowinska Site
Poland	Swidwie Site
Poland	Tuchola Forest
Poland	Warmia Site
Poland	Warta River Mouth
Poland	Witnica-Debno Site
Poland	Zgierzynieckie Lake
Portugal	Évora plains
Portugal	Campo Maior
Portugal	Castro Verde plains
Portugal	Mourão, Moura e Barrancos
Portugal	River Guadiana
Romania	Balta Albă - Amara - Jirlău
Romania	Balta Mică a Brăilei
Romania	Buhuşu reservoir - Bacău - Tătărăşti
Romania	Câmpia Crişurilor
Romania	Cefa fish-ponds and Radvani wood
Romania	Lake Fundata
Romania	Lake Strachina
Russia (Asian)	Forty islands
Russia (Asian)	Khadyn lake
Russia (Asian)	Sayan reservoir (Tuva part)
Russia (Asian)	Tere-Khol' lake
Russia (Central Asian)	Baganskiye Lakes
Russia (Central Asian)	Holes of the Karasul River Downstream
Russia (Central Asian)	Kocherdyksky goose zakaznik
Russia (Central Asian)	Lakes Linejskoe and Kamyshnoe
Russia (Central Asian)	Man'yass lake
Russia (Central Asian)	Nefed'yevo area and Chistogay lake
Russia (Central Asian)	Schuch'i lakes
Russia (Central Asian)	Shestakovskie of a bog 2
Russia (Central Asian)	Shestakovskiye marshes
Russia (Central Asian)	Zdvinsky zakaznik
Russia (European)	Bel'skaya flood-plain
Russia (European)	Budary lakes
Russia (European)	Bylinskaya
Russia (European)	Common Crane premigratory aggregating area near village Russkoye Maklakovo
Russia (European)	Cranes area
Russia (European)	Downstream of Ik river
Russia (European)	Flood-plain of Algashka river
Russia (European)	Floodplain of the Terek river near Staroshchedrinskaya
Russia (European)	Forests, bogs and gathering of the Common Cranes near Voskresenskoye village
Russia (European)	Homeland of the Crane (Dubna marshes and adjacent areas)
Russia (European)	Kamsko-Bakaldinskiye marshes
Russia (European)	Kargopol' area
Russia (European)	Kissyk area
Russia (European)	Klyazminski reserve
Russia (European)	Kosobo-Kelebski reserve
Russia (European)	Kurmyshskaya flood-land
Russia (European)	Kurnikov liman
Russia (European)	Lake El'ton
Russia (European)	Lotoshino crane gathering
Russia (European)	Lysyi Liman lake and valley of Vostochniy Manych river
Russia (European)	Polisto-Lovatskaya mire system
Russia (European)	Ptich'ye (Bird's) Lake
Russia (European)	Rakovye lakes
Russia (European)	Salt lakes
Russia (European)	Shumerlinskaya
Russia (European)	Watershed between Sura and Barysh rivers
Russia (European)	Zavoronezhski area
Slovenia	Lake Cerknica
Slovenia	Črete
Spain	Alange
Spain	Alcañiz salt lakes
Spain	Alto Guadiato
Spain	Azuaga-Llerena-Peraleda de Zaucejo
Spain	Bienvenida-Usagre-Ribera del Fresno
Spain	Borbollón reservoir
Spain	Botoa-Villar del Rey
Spain	Cinca river rice fields and steppe area
Spain	Don Benito-Guareña
Spain	El Hito
Spain	El Pardo-Viñuelas
Spain	Entrepeñas and Buendía reservoirs
Spain	Fuente de Piedra, Gosque and Campillos lakes
Spain	Gabriel y Galán reservoir
Spain	La Serena
Spain	Lácara-Morante
Spain	Montánchez mountain range-Cornalvo reservoir
Spain	Olivenza-La Albuera
Spain	Pedroches Occidentales
Spain	Pela mountain range-Orellana reservoir-Zorita
Spain	Plain between Cáceres and Trujillo-Aldea del Cano
Spain	Puebla de Beleña lagoons
Spain	Puerto de Mejoral-Almorchón-Cabeza del Buey
Spain	Puerto Peña reservoir-Valdecaballeros
Spain	Rivers Cinca and Alcanadre riverine forest
Spain	Rosarito and Navalcán reservoirs-La Iglesuela (Tietar valley)
Spain	Siruela-Agudo
Spain	Tierra de Campiñas steppes
Spain	Tietar valley
Spain	Trujillo-Torrecillas de la Tiesa
Spain	Valdehornillos-Santa Amalia
Sweden	Bay of Kilsviken
Sweden	Dumme mosse
Sweden	Färnebofjärden
Sweden	Florarna
Sweden	Hanveden-Hemfosa
Sweden	Kvismaren
Sweden	Lake Hallbosjön
Sweden	Lake Hornborgasjön
Sweden	Lake Vendelsjön
Sweden	River Umeälven delta
Sweden	Sjöängen - Svartån
Sweden	Western part of lake Mälaren
Syria	Golan Heights
Tajikistan	Dangara massif
Tajikistan	Kayrakkum Reservoir
Tajikistan	Tigrovaya Balka Nature Reserve
Tunisia	Sebkhet Halk el Menzel
Tunisia	Sebkhet Kelbia
Tunisia	Sebkhet Sidi el Hani
Tunisia	Sebkhet Sidi Mansour
Turkey	Acıgöl Lake
Turkey	Akdoğan Mountain
Turkey	Ardahan forest
Turkey	Çaldiran Plain
Turkey	Çöl Lake and Çalıkdüzü
Turkey	Çiçekli Lake
Turkey	Batmış Lake (Cil Lake)
Turkey	Bendimahi Delta
Turkey	Bulanık and Malazgirt Plains
Turkey	Ceyhan Delta
Turkey	Doğu Beyazıt Marshes
Turkey	Eastern Black Sea Mountains
Turkey	Ekşisu Marshes
Turkey	Ereğli Plain
Turkey	Eşmekaya Marshes
Turkey	Göksu Delta
Turkey	Girdev Lake and Akdağlar
Turkey	Hafik Zara Hills
Turkey	Kars Plain
Turkey	Kızılırmak Delta
Turkey	Mogan lake
Turkey	Sarısu Plain
Turkey	Sarıyar Reservoir
Turkey	Seyhan Delta
Turkey	Sultan Marsh
Turkey	Tersakan Lake
Turkey	Tuz Lake
Turkey	Upper Murat Valley
Turkey	Yüksekova
Turkey	Yeniçağa Lake
Turkmenistan	Tallymerjen
Turkmenistan	Tejen
Ukraine	Agricultural lands near Bilorets'ke (Chornozemne village)
Ukraine	Askania-Nova Biosphere Reserve
Ukraine	Cheremske mire
Ukraine	Dnipro delta
Ukraine	Kakhovs'ke reservoir (Energodar)
Ukraine	Kakhovs'ke reservoir (Kajiry village)
Ukraine	Kakhovs'ke reservoir (Kozats'ki islands)
Ukraine	Kakhovs'ke reservoir (Vasylivka village)
Ukraine	Mazepyn Yar
Ukraine	Pryp'yat' river valley
Ukraine	Shats'ki lakes
Ukraine	Snake island
Ukraine	Stokhod river valley
Ukraine	Syvash Bay
Ukraine	Uzh river valley
United Kingdom	Broadland
Uzbekistan	Achinskoe Lake
Uzbekistan	Amudarya floodlands near Termez
Uzbekistan	Aranasay Lake System
Uzbekistan	Chimkurgan Reservoir
Uzbekistan	Rogatoe Lake
Uzbekistan	Tuzkan Lake

Habitats & altitude

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Artificial/Aquatic & Marine	Irrigated Land (includes irrigation channels)	suitable	breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial	Arable Land	suitable	non-breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial	Pastureland	suitable	non-breeding
Grassland	Subtropical/Tropical Seasonally Wet/Flooded	suitable	non-breeding
Marine Intertidal	Mud Flats and Salt Flats	suitable	non-breeding
Savanna	Dry	suitable	non-breeding
Savanna	Dry	suitable	breeding
Wetlands (inland)	Bogs, Marshes, Swamps, Fens, Peatlands	major	breeding
Wetlands (inland)	Permanent Freshwater Lakes (over 8ha)	suitable	non-breeding
Wetlands (inland)	Permanent Freshwater Marshes/Pools (under 8ha)	suitable	breeding
Wetlands (inland)	Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls)	suitable	non-breeding
Altitude	0 - 0 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threats & impact

Threat (level 1)

Threat (level 2)

Impact and Stresses

Residential & commercial development

Housing & urban areas

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Majority (50-90%)

Negligible declines

Low Impact: 5

Stresses
Species disturbance, Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

Agriculture & Aquaculture

Annual & perennial non-timber crops / Agro-industry farming

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Majority (50-90%)

Negligible declines

Low Impact: 5

Stresses
Species disturbance, Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

Agriculture & Aquaculture

Wood & pulp plantations / Agro-industry plantations

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Minority (<50%)

Negligible declines

Low Impact: 4

Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

Transportation & service corridors

Roads & railroads

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Majority (50-90%)

Negligible declines

Low Impact: 5

Stresses
Species disturbance, Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

Transportation & service corridors

Utility & service lines

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Minority (<50%)

Negligible declines

Low Impact: 4

Stresses
Species mortality

Biological resource use

Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals / Intentional use (species is the target)

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Majority (50-90%)

Slow, Significant Decline

Medium Impact:

Stresses
Reduced reproductive success, Species mortality

Human intrusions & disturbance

Recreational activities

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Minority (<50%)

Negligible declines

Low Impact: 4

Stresses
Species disturbance, Reduced reproductive success, Species mortality

Natural system modifications

Dams & water management/use / Abstraction of surface water (unknown use)

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Majority (50-90%)

Negligible declines

Low Impact: 5

Stresses
Species disturbance, Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion, Othe

Natural system modifications

Dams & water management/use / Large dams

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Majority (50-90%)

Negligible declines

Low Impact: 5

Stresses
Species disturbance, Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

Natural system modifications

Other ecosystem modifications

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Majority (50-90%)

Negligible declines

Low Impact: 5

Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

Pollution

Agricultural & forestry effluents / Herbicides and pesticides

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Majority (50-90%)

Slow, Significant Decline

Medium Impact:

Stresses
Species mortality

Utilisation

Purpose	Primary form used	Life stage used	Source	Scale	Level	Timing
Pets	Whole	Adults and juveniles	Wild	Subsistence, National	Non-trivial	Recent
Food (human)	Whole	Adults and juveniles	Wild	Subsistence, National	Non-trivial	Recent
Pets	Whole	Adults and juveniles	Wild	International	Non-trivial	Recent
Sport	Whole	Adults and juveniles	Wild	Subsistence, National	Non-trivial	Recent

Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2013) Species factsheet: Grus grus. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 20/05/2013. Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2013) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 20/05/2013.

This information is based upon, and updates, the information published in BirdLife International (2000) Threatened birds of the world. Barcelona and Cambridge, UK: Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, BirdLife International (2004) Threatened birds of the world 2004 CD-ROM and BirdLife International (2008) Threatened birds of the world 2008 CD-ROM. These sources provide the information for species accounts for the birds on the IUCN Red List.

To provide new information to update this factsheet or to correct any errors, please email BirdLife

To contribute to discussions on the evaluation of the IUCN Red List status of Globally Threatened Birds, please visit BirdLife's Globally Threatened Bird Forums.

Key facts
Current IUCN Red List category	Least Concern
Family	Gruidae (Cranes)
Species name author	(Linnaeus, 1758)
Population size	mature individuals
Population trend	Unknown
Distribution size (breeding/resident)	5,420,000 km²
Country endemic?	No
Links to further information
- Summary information on this species