Justification This species is classified as Near Threatened because it has a moderately small population which is suspected to be declining significantly owing to habitat loss and possibly trade.

Family/Sub-family Psittacidae

Species name author (Shaw, 1812)

Taxonomic source(s) SACC (2005 + updates), Sibley and Monroe (1990, 1993), Stotz et al. (1996)

Identification

Population estimate

Population trend

Range estimate (breeding/resident)

Country endemic?

unknown

decreasing

366,000 km²

No

Range & population Amazona dufresniana occurs in south-east Venezuela (Bolívar with an isolated record in Amazonas), north Guyana (north of 5°N), north-east Suriname and north-east French Guiana⁴. There are reports from Pará and Amapá, Brazil, where its occurrence seems probable, but no conclusive records^1,4. The scarcity of records from frequently surveyed areas suggests that this is a low density and rather uncommon species, at least in some parts of its range⁴.

Important Bird Areas Click here to view map showing IBAs where species is recorded and triggers any of the IBA criteria.

Ecology: It inhabits humid forest and cloud-forest in the lower subtropical zone but is known from savanna woodlands in Venezuela⁴. Most birds in the Guianas have been reported from gallery forest⁴, but this may be an artefact of river transport use by observers³. There are some seasonal movements, apparently in response to food availability, from interior to coastal Suriname in July-August^3,4. It occurs up to 1,700 m in Venezuela and 560 m in Guyana⁴.

Threats It has probably declined since the 19th century as a result of trapping for trade and habitat loss, particularly in the Gran Sabana region of Bolívar and parts of coastal Guianas⁴. It was internationally traded in small numbers during the 1980s, and this has continued especially in Guyana, where 321 were exported in 2002, and Suriname⁵. Some internal trade also continues, perhaps most frequently for food and pets in the far east of its range^2,4.

Conservation measures underway CITES Appendix II. Recorded from Roraima National Park (Venezuela) and Brownsberg Nature Park (Suriname)⁶.

Conservation measures proposed Study its ecology, seasonal movements and ability to persist in degraded and fragmented habitats. Effectively protect core areas of remaining habitat. Enforce restrictions on trade.

References 1. Collar (1995). 2. Desenne and Strahl (1991). 3. Juniper and Parr (1998). 4. Wege and Collar (1991). 5. CITES (2004). 6. del Hoyo et al. (1997).

Text account compilers Phil Benstead (BirdLife International), David Capper (BirdLife International), Andy Symes (BirdLife International)

IUCN Red List evaluators Stuart Butchart (BirdLife International), Andy Symes (BirdLife International)

Recommended citation BirdLife International (2009) Species factsheet: Amazona dufresniana. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 10/2/2010

This information is based upon, and updates, the information published in BirdLife International (2000) Threatened birds of the world. Barcelona and Cambridge, UK: Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, BirdLife International (2004) Threatened birds of the world 2004 CD-ROM and BirdLife International (2008) Threatened birds of the world 2008 CD-ROM. These sources provide the information for species accounts for the birds on the IUCN Red List.

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