Justification This species is classified as Near Threatened because it is suspected to be declining moderately rapidly owing to habitat loss.

Family/Sub-family Ramphastidae

Species name author (Gould, 1833)

Taxonomic source(s) SACC (2005 + updates), Sibley and Monroe (1990, 1993), Stotz et al. (1996)

Identification

Population estimate

Population trend

Range estimate (breeding/resident)

Country endemic?

unknown

decreasing

122,000 km²

No

Range & population Andigena hypoglauca occurs primarily on the east slope of the Andes, from Nariño, south Colombia, through Ecuador south to Cuzco, south-east Peru. On the west slope of the Andes it occurs in Caldas and Cauca, Colombia, and Azuay and Loja, south-west Ecuador^3,4.

Important Bird Areas Click here to view map showing IBAs where species is recorded and triggers any of the IBA criteria.

Ecology: It occurs in montane evergreen forest, forest edge and stunted forest near the tree-line at 2,400-3,350 m, occasionally to under 1,700 m ^3,4,5.

Threats Its habitat in Colombia has been subject to widespread and severe deforestation over a prolonged period as a result of agricultural expansion⁶, whereas the east Andes of Ecuador and north Peru are under intense pressure from conversion for agriculture and cattle pasture, mining operations and logging². In Peru, there is an alarmingly high rate of deforestation in the north Cordillera de Colán for the cultivation of cash crops¹, and widespread forest loss on montane slopes in the Marañón drainage⁶. Montane forests in south-east Peru are perhaps the most intact within its range, but even these have been locally affected by domestic grazing animals, burning, cutting for fuel and clearance for cultivation³.

Conservation measures underway Occurs in several protected areas including Las Cajas National Recreation Area and Podocarpus National Park, Ecuador.

Conservation measures proposed Effectively protect and manage protected areas where the species occurs. Monitor population at strongholds and search for the species in potentially suitable habitat at new sites. Study its ecology and its ability to persist in fragmented populations and in degraded and fragmented habitats. Use GIS habitat loss data to produce estimate of declines.

References 1. Barnes et al. (1995). 2. Dinerstein et al. (1995). 3. Fjeldså and Krabbe (1990). 4. Hilty and Brown (1986). 5. Parker et al. (1996). 6. Stattersfield et al. (1998).

Text account compilers Phil Benstead (BirdLife International), David Capper (BirdLife International), Andy Symes (BirdLife International)

IUCN Red List evaluators Stuart Butchart (BirdLife International), Andy Symes (BirdLife International)

Recommended citation BirdLife International (2009) Species factsheet: Andigena hypoglauca. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 10/2/2010

This information is based upon, and updates, the information published in BirdLife International (2000) Threatened birds of the world. Barcelona and Cambridge, UK: Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, BirdLife International (2004) Threatened birds of the world 2004 CD-ROM and BirdLife International (2008) Threatened birds of the world 2008 CD-ROM. These sources provide the information for species accounts for the birds on the IUCN Red List.

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