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close| Location | Turkey, Manisa |
| Central coordinates | 28o 1.00' East 38o 37.00' North |
| IBA criteria | A1, A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2 |
| Area | 6,911 ha |
| Altitude | 79 m |
| Year of IBA assessment | 2004 |
Ornithological information This is an important area for breeding and wintering waterbirds. Pelecanus crispus is thought to breed.
Site description An irrigation reservoir averaging 3,400 ha in area (depth 3-4 m); reedbed (Phragmites) and marsh cover varies according to the water-level. Surrounded by hills to the north and north-east, with Gediz valley to the south and Akhisar valley to the north-west. Flood-plains are used for growing cotton, and cattle-grazing is widespread on the marshes.
Populations of IBA trigger species
| Species | Season | Period | Population estimate | Quality of estimate | IBA Criteria | IUCN Category |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ruddy Shelduck Tadorna ferruginea | winter | - | 231-290 individuals | - | B1i | Least Concern |
| Eurasian Wigeon Anas penelope | winter | 1990 | 8,500 individuals | - | B1i | Least Concern |
| Common Pochard Aythya ferina | winter | 1996 | 18,690-24,000 individuals | - | A4i, B1i | Least Concern |
| Ferruginous Duck Aythya nyroca | breeding | - | 25 breeding pairs | - | A1, B2 | Near Threatened |
| Little Bittern Ixobrychus minutus | breeding | - | 40-80 breeding pairs | - | B2 | Least Concern |
| Squacco Heron Ardeola ralloides | breeding | - | 200 breeding pairs | - | B2 | Least Concern |
| Purple Heron Ardea purpurea | breeding | - | 30 breeding pairs | - | B2 | Least Concern |
| Dalmatian Pelican Pelecanus crispus | breeding | - | 10-15 breeding pairs | - | A1, A4i, B1i, B2 | Vulnerable |
| Dalmatian Pelican Pelecanus crispus | winter | - | 51-362 individuals | - | A1, A4i, B1i | Vulnerable |
| Pygmy Cormorant Phalacrocorax pygmeus | winter | - | 84-100 individuals | - | A1 | Least Concern |
| Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo | winter | - | 1,488-2,000 individuals | - | B1i | Least Concern |
| Common Coot Fulica atra | winter | - | 14,500-18,500 individuals | - | B1i | Least Concern |
| Pied Avocet Recurvirostra avosetta | winter | 1992 | 1,402 individuals | - | A4i, B1i | Least Concern |
| Spur-winged Lapwing Vanellus spinosus | breeding | - | 10 breeding pairs | - | B2 | Least Concern |
| Whiskered Tern Chlidonias hybrida | breeding | - | 100-150 breeding pairs | - | B2 | Least Concern |
| A4iii Species group - waterbirds | winter | - | 24,473-45,278 individuals | - | A4iii |
Habitats
| IUCN habitat | Habitat detail | Extent (% of site) |
|---|---|---|
| Wetlands (inland) | Standing freshwater; Water fringe vegetation | 100% |
Land use
| Land-use | Extent (% of site) |
|---|---|
| agriculture | 10% |
| fisheries/aquaculture | 15% |
| water management | 100% |
| hunting | 10% |
Management considerations The lake virtually dried up in 1993 following a dry period and excessive abstraction. Further expansion of the irrigation network has led to a new channel being constructed to bring in more water from the Gediz river. Industrial and urban pollution entering the lake will increase as a result. DSÝ also plans to construct a hydroelectric power-station on the existing channel connecting the Gediz river and the site. Local farmers temporarily convert ecologically valuable mudflats to arable land during periods of low water-level. Out-of-season fishing is common.
Protection status National None International None
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Recommended citation BirdLife International (2013) Important Bird Areas factsheet: Marmara Lake. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 24/05/2013
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