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TL01
Tilomar
Location Timor-Leste, Cova Lima
Central coordinates 123o 54.00' East  10o 2.00' South
IBA criteria A1, A2
Area 22,708 ha
Altitude 0 - 1,000m
Year of IBA assessment 2007





Ornithological information Lambert et al. (2006) conducted a four-day bird forest survey around Foho Lulik village and located the Endangered Wetar Ground-dove, only the second record of this poorly-known species on Timor and the first in Timor-Leste. Twenty-five restricted-range species have been recorded in this IBA, plus the Critically Endangered Yellow-crested Cockatoo (Ora 2000, Lambert et al. 2006).

Site description This IBA is dominated by tropical deciduous forest on limestone hills, with patches of evergreen forest along perennial springs at the base of a rocky hill. Most coastal forest has been converted to rice and agriculture, but a small freshwater wetland and well-vegetated saline lagoons are present along the coast. This site is known in Indonesian as ‘Hutan Tilomar’ (‘Tilomar Forest’) (RTK 34) (Ora 2000).

Populations of IBA trigger species

Species Season Period Population estimate Quality of estimate IBA Criteria IUCN Category
Dusky Cuckoo-dove Macropygia magna -  2007  present [units unknown]  -  A2  Least Concern 
Slaty Cuckoo-dove Turacoena modesta -  2007  present [units unknown]  -  A2  Near Threatened 
Wetar Ground-dove Gallicolumba hoedtii -  2007  present [units unknown]  -  A1, A2  Endangered 
Pink-headed Imperial-pigeon Ducula rosacea -  2007  present [units unknown]  -  A2  Near Threatened 
Yellow-crested Cockatoo Cacatua sulphurea -  2007  present [units unknown]  -  A1  Critically Endangered 
Olive-shouldered Parrot Aprosmictus jonquillaceus -  2007  present [units unknown]  -  A2  Near Threatened 
Cinnamon-banded Kingfisher Todiramphus australasia -  2007  present [units unknown]  -  A2  Near Threatened 
Streaky-breasted Honeyeater Meliphaga reticulata -  2007  present [units unknown]  -  A2  Least Concern 
Plain Friarbird Philemon inornatus -  2007  present [units unknown]  -  A2  Least Concern 
Red-rumped Myzomela Myzomela vulnerata -  2007  present [units unknown]  -  A2  Least Concern 
Plain Gerygone Gerygone inornata -  2007  present [units unknown]  -  A2  Least Concern 
Fawn-breasted Whistler Pachycephala orpheus -  2007  present [units unknown]  -  A2  Least Concern 
Timor Figbird Sphecotheres viridis -  2007  present [units unknown]  -  A2  Least Concern 
Olive-brown Oriole Oriolus melanotis -  2007  present [units unknown]  -  A2  Least Concern 
Buff-banded Grassbird Buettikoferella bivittata -  2007  present [units unknown]  -  A2  Least Concern 
Timor Stubtail Urosphena subulata -  2007  present [units unknown]  -  A2  Least Concern 
Timor Leaf-warbler Phylloscopus presbytes -  2007  present [units unknown]  -  A2  Least Concern 
Spot-breasted White-eye Heleia muelleri -  2007  present [units unknown]  -  A2  Near Threatened 
Orange-banded Thrush Zoothera peronii -  2007  present [units unknown]  -  A2  Near Threatened 
White-bellied Bushchat Saxicola gutturalis -  2007  present [units unknown]  -  A2  Near Threatened 
Black-banded Flycatcher Ficedula timorensis -  2007  present [units unknown]  -  A2  Near Threatened 
Timor Blue-flycatcher Cyornis hyacinthinus -  2007  present [units unknown]  -  A2  Least Concern 
Red-chested Flowerpecker Dicaeum maugei -  2007  present [units unknown]  -  A2  Least Concern 
Flame-breasted Sunbird Nectarinia solaris -  2007  present [units unknown]  -  A2  Least Concern 
Tricoloured Parrotfinch Erythrura tricolor -  2007  present [units unknown]  -  A2  Least Concern 
Timor Sparrow Padda fuscata -  2007  present [units unknown]  -  A2  Near Threatened 

Protected areas

Protected area Designation Area (ha) Relationship with IBA Overlap with IBA (ha)  
Tilomar Reserve 12,800 is identical to site 12,800  

Habitats

IUCN habitat Habitat detail Extent (% of site)
Forest   major
Artificial landscapes (terrestrial)   minor
Wetlands (inland)   minor

Land use

Land-use Extent (% of site)
nature conservation and research major

Management considerations Threats include illegal timber cutting, forest conversion by swidden agriculture and to plantations such as Teak Tectona grandis, hunting and wildfires (FAO/UNDP 1982).

Protection status Originally proposed as a reserve specifically to protect Sandalwood Santalum album by the Portuguese in 1967, and later proclaimed by the Governor of East Timor (FAO/UNDP 1982). It was proposed as a Wildlife Sanctuary (Suaka Margasatwa) by FAO/UNDP (1982) to conserve examples of endemic flora and fauna. Tilomar Reserve was recognised by UNTAET (2000) as a site of conservation significance under Regulation Number 2000/19.

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Recommended citation  BirdLife International (2013) Important Bird Areas factsheet: Tilomar. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 20/05/2013

To provide new information to update this factsheet or to correct any errors, please email BirdLife